Field-Crop Soils in Eastern France: Coldspots of Azole-Resistant Aspergillus fumigatus

Godeau, Chloé; Morin‐Crini, Nadia; Crini, Grégorio; Guillemin, Jean‐Philippe; Voisin, Anne‐Sophie; Dousset, Sylvie; Rocchi, Steffi

doi:10.3390/jof9060618

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 54 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, no resistant A. fumigatus isolates were found, which is similar to the low prevalence of ARAf isolates described by other researchers in Germany, the United Kingdom, France, and Italy. 20 , 44 , 48 , 52 The absence of ARAf in the soil of agricultural crops has also been confirmed in root vegetables. 53 The absence of ARAf in our samples may in part be due to the narrow timeframe of sampling from May to July 2022 covering only spring and the beginning of summer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…In agriculture, azole fungicides, such as tebuconazole (107534-96-3), epoxiconazole (133855-98-8), propiconazole (60207-90-1), and bromuconazole (116255-48-2), are or have been intensively used for crop protection. 9 , 19 , 20 In 2019, these were, respectively, the second, fourth, seventh, and tenth most sold triazoles in agriculture in Belgium. 21 Both epoxiconazole and propiconazole are now banned from use at the EU level under Regulation (EC) No.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Detection of pan-azole resistant Aspergillus fumigatus in horticulture and a composting facility in Belgium

Debergh,

Castelain,

Goens

et al. 2024

Medical Mycology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Azole resistance in A. fumigatus (ARAf) is becoming a worldwide health threat due to increasing occurrence in the environment. However, environmental surveillance programs are not commonly in place and are lacking in Belgium. Since no data on the occurrence of ARAf and the presence of hotspots for the selection of azole resistance is available in Belgium, a first study on the prevalence of ARAf in the environment was conducted. A total of 232 air and compost or soil samples were taken from two composting facilities, and from horticultural and agricultural crops. The azole susceptibility pattern was determined using the EUCAST method (E. Def. 9.4) and the cyp51A gene and its promotor region were sequenced in A. fumigatus isolates with phenotypic azole resistance. Six pan-azole resistant A. fumigatus isolates were identified, originating from compost and horticultural crops. Four isolates carried the TR34/L98H mutation and one isolate the TR46/Y121F/T289A mutation. However, we did not observe any ARAf isolates from agricultural crops. In conclusion, this study reported the first TR34/L98H and TR46/Y121F/T289A mutation isolated from a composting facility and horticulture in Belgium. The implementation of standardisation in environmental surveillance of A. fumigatus on a European level would be beneficial in order to identify hotspots.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of pan-azole resistant Aspergillus fumigatus in horticulture and a composting facility in Belgium

Debergh,

Castelain,

Goens

et al. 2024

Medical Mycology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Assessing the potential antifungal resistance risk from dual use of a mode of action in agriculture and medical treatment of human pathogens

Paveley,

van den Bosch,

Grimmer

2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A mechanistic basis is described for assessment of resistance risk to medical anti-fungal treatments from agricultural use of fungicides of the same mode of action. The following need to occur in landscape environments for a risk to be posed by dual use: (i) emergence, whereby a resistant strain emerges by mutation and invasion, (ii) selection, whereby a mutation conferring a fitness advantage is selected for in the presence of fungicide, and (iii) exposure of humans to resistant strains from the landscape, potentially resulting in invasive fungal infection (IFI). We identify 20 human fungal pathogens for which there is evidence that all three processes above could, in principle, occur. A model is derived for quantitative analysis to explore what determines resistance emergence and selection in human pathogens in landscape environments. Emergence and selection were particularly affected by fitness cost associated with the resistance mutation(s) and fungicide concentration. Emergence was also determined by the amount of pathogen reproduction (related to pathogen population size). The findings were related to an example case of observational data from the Netherlands for Aspergillus fumigatus. The analysis supports previous work that compost, including bulb waste, is towards the high-risk end of the spectrum for this species. Agricultural soils, non-agricultural land and grassland were lower risk. More generally, across species, the model output suggests that if fungicide resistance is associated with even a small fitness cost, then environments with low fungicide concentrations, such as field soils and semi-natural environments (e.g. woodland), may not be conducive to resistance emergence or selection.

show abstract

Triazole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatu s isolated from a tomato production environment exposed to propiconazole

M. Jimenez Madrid,

Paul,

Rotondo

et al. 2024

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The emergence of azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus (AR Af ) across the world is an important public health concern. We sought to determine if propiconazole, a demethylase inhibitor (DMI) fungicide, exerted a selective pressure for AR Af in a tomato production environment following multiple exposures to the fungicide. A tomato field trial was established in 2019 and propiconazole was applied weekly until harvest. Soil, leaf, and fruit (when present) samples were collected at baseline and after each propiconazole application. A. fumigatus isolates ( n , 178) were recovered and 173 were tested for susceptibility to itraconazole, posaconazole, voriconazole, and propiconazole in accordance with CLSI M38 guidelines. All the isolates were susceptible to medical triazoles and the propiconazole MIC ranged from 0.25 to 8 mg/L. A linear regression model was fitted that showed no longitudinal increment in the log 2 -fold azole MIC of the isolates collected after each propiconazole exposure compared to the baseline isolates. AsperGenius real-time multiplex assay ruled out TR34/L98H and TR46/Y121F/T289A cyp 51A resistance markers in these isolates. Sequencing of a subset of isolates ( n , 46) demonstrated widespread presence of F46Y/M172V/E427K and F46Y/M172V/N248T/D255E/E427K cyp 51A mutations previously associated with reduced susceptibility to triazoles. IMPORTANCE The agricultural use of azole fungicides to control plant diseases has been implicated as a major contributor to ARAf infections in humans. Our study did not reveal imposition of selection pressure for ARAf in a vegetable production system. However, more surveillance studies for ARAf in food crop production and other environments are warranted in understanding this public and One Health issue.

show abstract

Field-Crop Soils in Eastern France: Coldspots of Azole-Resistant Aspergillus fumigatus

Cited by 3 publications

References 54 publications

Detection of pan-azole resistant Aspergillus fumigatus in horticulture and a composting facility in Belgium

Detection of pan-azole resistant Aspergillus fumigatus in horticulture and a composting facility in Belgium

Assessing the potential antifungal resistance risk from dual use of a mode of action in agriculture and medical treatment of human pathogens

Triazole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatu s isolated from a tomato production environment exposed to propiconazole

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About