Field comparison of two Total Suspended Particulates (TSP) samplers to assess spatial variation

Abstract

In 2004, through the assistance of the World Bank, air quality monitoring equipment was supplied from the United Kingdom and United States to Edo State Ministry of Environment in Nigeria. Amongst the air pollution assessment tools supplied, are a portable SKC 506673 high volume Gravimetric Sampler and a light-scattering method -Haz-Dust ™ 10 µm particulate monitor -for airborne particles. In this preliminary study, the two samplers were co-located at different monitoring sites in Benin City to assess spatial distribution of airborne particles and also to ascertain the collection efficiencies of these monitoring tools. Preliminary results available indicate the non-compliance of the TSP (Total Suspended Particulates) load obtained at the created monitoring sites with the regulatory limits of 150-230 µgm −3 and 250 µgm −3 set by WHO (World Health Organization) and FMENV (Federal Ministry of Environment) respectively. Differences in the collection efficiencies of these samplers were observed with a coefficient of determination (R 2 ) value of 0.6289 obtained. The principal component analysis (PCA) showed different degrees of correlation between the monitoring sites. Two principal components were identified for the particulate matter distribution by the combined methods, which were further confirmed by the hierarchical cluster analysis. Vehicular exhaust, industrial emissions, combustion of solid wastes, dusts from roads and harmattan dust were identified as the major particulate matter sources at these market environments.

Monitoring Nitrogen Dioxide Levels in Urban Areas in Rawalpindi, Pakistan

“…This study also included a projection of NO 2 concentration for 2005 and 2010. Further studies that showed the successful use of NO 2 passive samplers in European urban areas were published by Ukpebor et al (1999) and Lozano et al (2009). In Pakistan, a study of NO 2 monitoring was conducted in 2006.…”

Monitoring airborne dust in an Italian basalt quarry: comparison between sampling methods

“…Ukpebor et al [6]), but also to locate point source, or to evaluate and test engineering controls. Furthermore the respirable fraction of airborne dust is useful in evaluating exposure of workers involved in dusty activities (e.g.…”

Field evaluation of pm10detectors in a quarry environment

“…Thus, eqn (4) may be expressed more compactly as (5) and introducing a further constant K″, airborne concentration assessment may be summarized as follows: (6) in which the influence on concentration readings of both mean mass average diameter and density are clearly identified.…”

“…With regard to density, values are, respectively, 2.65 g/cm 3 for the test dust and 2.79 g/cm 3 for measured dust, whereas the average mass diameter values are 4.5-5 µm (test dust) and 4.3 µm (basalt dust), respectively. Considering eqn (6), and remembering that the efficiency of the optical particle detection system was not tested, and consequently neither was the N(I) parameter, these data would seem to be the main cause of the overestimation. In fact, the calibration factor, assessed by comparing the two sets of values, was found to be 0.91 and, the 'experimental ratio' between the basalt dust and the test dust was <1.…”

“…Ukpebor et al [6] and Alfaro Degan et al [7,8], Gomiscek et al [9]) or the occurrence of peak emissions. Another important application with regard to health and safety: an assessment of the daily or weekly amount of airborne particulate is the final goal of a risk analysis process aimed at quantifying the workers' exposure [10,11].…”