Fibromuscular Dysplasia Affecting a Two‐Branched Renal Artery in a Patient With a Solitary Kidney: Case Presentation

Abstract

Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is a nonatherosclerotic, noninflammatory arterial disease, commonly involving the renal arteries. Here we report a case of a 16-year-old Chinese male who was found to have severe hypertension with proteinuria for 2 years. Computed tomography showed absence of the left kidney and enlargement of the right kidney. Subsequent angiography confirmed the above findings and revealed narrowing of both the upper and lower branches of the right renal artery caused by FMD. These combined lesions are very rare, and individuals affected are at increased risk of renal dysfunction if left untreated. Treatment with percutaneous balloon angioplasty is the first choice in such a patient and usually results in optimal outcomes.

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty with selective stenting for the treatment of renal artery stenosis caused by fibromuscular dysplasia: 18 years' experience from the China Center for Cardiovascular Disease

“…Unifocal and tubular FMD, which were atypical finding, accounted for a high proportion of our study cases at 51.6 and 24.2%, respectively. These cases deserve attention and should be considered in combination with a patient's medical history and other auxiliary examinations . Only after exclusion of arteritis, atherosclerotic stenosis, and other diseases, can a diagnosis be made to avoid misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis.…”

“…These cases deserve attention and should be considered in combination with a patient's medical history and other auxiliary examinations. 14 Restenosis after PTA is a key factor affecting blood pressure outcomes. According to the literature, the incidence of restenosis is 15-35%.…”