“…Other upregulated IMM genes were not previously implicated in chondrocyte differentiation, such as those encoding the transcription factors POU3F3 and ZFP703, growth factors CSF1 and PTN, and the Netrin receptor UNC5C (Figures 4A,B, labelled pink; Cecchini et al, 1997;Tare et al, 2002;Srivatsa et al, 2014;Kumar A. et al, 2016;Kumar S. et al, 2016). Upregulated genes in MAT included IFITM5, whose role had only been studied previously in osteoblast differentiation, and many other signalling pathway genes previously implicated in cartilage maturation, including BMP4, FGF9, HES5, TEK, TGFBR2, TGFBR3, WNT5B, and WNT11 (Figures 4A,B, labelled yellow; Hoffmann and Gross 2001;Yang et al, 2003;Karlsson et al, 2010;Shen et al, 2013;Usami et al, 2016;Zhang et al, 2021). Additional genes upregulated in MAT had never been associated previously with chondrocyte maturation, including those encoding the kinase FAM20C and transcription factor TCF7L2 (Hirose et al, 2020;Li et al, 2021).…”