Fibrinogen, collagen, and transferrin adsorption to poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-xylorhamno-uronic glycan composite conducting polymer biomaterials for wound healing applications

Abstract

We present the conducting polymer poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) doped with an algal-derived glycan extract, Phycotrix™ [xylorhamno-uronic glycan (XRU84)], as an innovative electrically conductive material capable of providing beneficial biological and electrical cues for the promotion of favorable wound healing processes. Increased loading of the algal XRU84 into PEDOT resulted in a reduced surface nanoroughness and interfacial surface area and an increased static water contact angle. PEDOT-XRU84 films demonstrated good electrical stability and charge storage capacity and a reduced impedance relative to the control gold electrode. A quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring study of protein adsorption (transferrin, fibrinogen, and collagen) showed that collagen adsorption increased significantly with increased XRU84 loading, while transferrin adsorption was significantly reduced. The viscoelastic properties of adsorbed protein, characterized using the ΔD/Δf ratio, showed that for transferrin and fibrinogen, a rigid, dehydrated layer was formed at low XRU84 loadings. Cell studies using human dermal fibroblasts demonstrated excellent cell viability, with fluorescent staining of the cell cytoskeleton illustrating all polymers to present excellent cell adhesion and spreading after 24 h.

Manufactures of bio‐degradable and bio‐based polymers for bio‐materials in the pharmaceutical field

“…The hard dehydrated layer was formed with low loads of XRU84. Human skin fibroblasts shown an excellent cell viability with fluorescent staining 150 …”

Advances in Cell-Conductive Polymer Biointerfaces and Role of the Plasma Membrane

“…CPs indeed can undergo multiple functionalization strategies where proteins can be physically adsorbed, covalently bound on the polymer surface, or embedded within the conductive polymer matrix. 16 Physical adsorption represents probably a straightforward approach for biofunctionalization: 78 for example, the adsorption of nanofibrillar collagen type IV on poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and PEDOT:poly(styrenesulfonate) (PSS) films significantly increased the number of adhering cardiomyocytes and 3T3 fibroblasts cells on otherwise poorly adhesive surfaces. Furthermore, fibroblasts cultured on these films showed a well-spread morphology when the substrates were coated with collagen type IV, suggesting an active engagement of the cell cytoskeleton.…”

Redox Polymers for Tissue Engineering

“…Biomolecules including proteins and peptide fragments, polysaccharides, glycosaminoglycans, amino acids, antibiotics and anti-inflammatories have all been incorporated into OCP materials with the aim of imparting specific biofunctionality to the biomaterial either through presentation of the immobilised biocompound at the OCP interface, or release of the compound via passive or electrochemical processes [for review, see ( 34 )]. Recently, the incorporation of large, polyelectrolyte biological dopants such as alginate ( 35 , 36 ) and Ulvan ( 36 , 37 ) (an algal derived glycan-extract), have been shown to dramatically influence polymer wettability, shear modulus and surface morphology, with PEDOT-Ulvan polymers shown to support the proliferation of human dermal fibroblasts ( 37 ), and the proliferation and differentiation of PC12 neuronal cells with and without electrical stimulation ( 36 ).…”