Fibrates for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease events

Jakob, Tobias; Nordmann, Alain; Schandelmaier, Stefan; Ferreira‐González, Ignacio; Briel, Matthias

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd009753.pub2

Cited by 101 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…This fact is supported by the direct evidence of direct increased risk of T2D associated with deranged lipid profile (Daousi et al, 2006;Haffner, Lehto, Rönnemaa, Pyorala, & Laakso, 1998;Juutilainen, Lehto, Ronnemaa, Pyorala, & Laakso, 2005;Whiteley, Padmanabhan, Hole, & Isles, 2005), the detrimental effect high lipid concentrations have on β cell function (Kruit et al, 2010;Zheng et al, 2017). Further, antihyperlipidemic therapy in diabetics proves effective for reducing primary cardiovascular events (Jakob, Nordmann, Schandelmaier, Ferreira-González, & Briel, 2016;Rafel et al, 2018), and increased levels of HDL have been associated with a reduced risk of adverse events (Goldbourt et al, 1997). Oleuropein has been shown to reduce serum LDL (Jemai et al, 2008; A.…”

Section: Oleuropein Effects On Dyslipidemiamentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This fact is supported by the direct evidence of direct increased risk of T2D associated with deranged lipid profile (Daousi et al, ; Haffner, Lehto, Rönnemaa, Pyorala, & Laakso, ; Juutilainen, Lehto, Ronnemaa, Pyorala, & Laakso, ; Whiteley, Padmanabhan, Hole, & Isles, ), the detrimental effect high lipid concentrations have on β cell function (Kruit et al, ; Zheng et al, ). Further, antihyperlipidemic therapy in diabetics proves effective for reducing primary cardiovascular events (Jakob, Nordmann, Schandelmaier, Ferreira‐González, & Briel, ; Rafel et al, ), and increased levels of HDL have been associated with a reduced risk of adverse events (Goldbourt et al, ). Oleuropein has been shown to reduce serum LDL (Jemai et al, 2008; A. Mahmoudi et al, ; Khalili et al, ; Lepore et al, ; F. Hadrich, Garcia, et al, ), TC (Jemai et al, 2008; A. Mahmoudi et al, ; Khalili et al, ; I. Andreadou et al, ; F. Hadrich, Garcia, et al, ; 246, Y. Oi‐Kano et al, ), and serum triglycerides (Jemai et al, 2008; A. Mahmoudi et al, ; Khalili et al, ; I. Andreadou et al, ; F. Hadrich, Garcia, et al, ; Y. Oi‐Kano et al, ) while also increasing serum HDL (Jemai et al, 2008; A. Mahmoudi et al, ; Khalili et al, ; F. Hadrich, Garcia, et al, ).…”

Section: Role Of Oleuropein In Treatment Of Metabolic Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

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Oleuropein: A natural antioxidant molecule in the treatment of metabolic syndrome

Ahamad

Toufeeq

Khan

et al. 2019

Phytotherapy Research

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Olive (Olea europaea Linn., Fam. Oleaceae) is commonly known as Zaytoon in Mediterranean region. Its fruits and oil are essential components of Mediterranean diets. Olive tree is a prevalent plant species and one of the important cultivated crops of Mediterranean region. Oleuropein is a phenolic constituents of olive, which, along with its related compounds, has been indicated to be majorly responsible for its beneficial effects. Oleuropein is a secoiridoid type of phenolic compound and consists of three structural subunits: hydroxytyrosol, elenolic acid, and a glucose molecule. It is also reported to be the chemotaxonomic marker of olive. The oleuropein is reported to possess a number of biological activities including action against dyslipidemia, antiobesity, antidiabetic, antioxidant, antiatherogenic, antihypertensive, antiinflammatory, and hepatoprotective actions. The scientific evidence supports the role of oleuropein as a potential agent against metabolic syndrome. The present review discusses chemistry of oleuropein along with potential role of oleuropein with reference to pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome.

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Section: Oleuropein Effects On Dyslipidemiamentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Role Of Oleuropein In Treatment Of Metabolic Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Oleuropein: A natural antioxidant molecule in the treatment of metabolic syndrome

Ahamad

Toufeeq

Khan

et al. 2019

Phytotherapy Research

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“…One important study enrolled 5518 patients and analyzed the effects of combination therapy with fenofibrate and simvastatin; however, there was no beneficial effect of combined treatment with fenofibrate and simvastatin as compared with simvastatin alone in reducing cardiovascular risk in the majority of high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes [136]. Another study found that fibrates may decrease the incidence of combined cardiovascular outcomes according to meta-analysis of six clinical trials [137]. However, side effects associated with the clinical use of these ligands have emerged.…”

Section: Pharmacogenetic Associations Of Pparα With Cardiovascular DImentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting PPARα for the Treatment and Understanding of Cardiovascular Diseases

Yang

et al. 2018

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Three members of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) family, PPARα, PPARγ, and PPARβ/δ, have been investigated widely over the past few decades. Although the roles of these PPARs and their agonists/antagonists were defined in clinical and basic studies, the conflicting results from these studies indicate that more analysis is needed to understand the roles of PPARs. PPARα is a ligand-activated transcription factor that contributes to the regulation of a variety of processes, ranging from inflammation and immunity to nutrient metabolism and energy homeostasis. In this review, we focus on the function and mechanisms of PPARα in the cardiovascular system under various pathological conditions, including vascular and heart injury, blood pressure regulation, and lipid disorder-related cardiovascular injury, as well as its polymorphisms and pharmacogenetic associations with cardiovascular diseases. The anti-inflammatory effect of PPARα in cardiovascular injury is mainly through inhibition of pro-inflammatory signaling pathways and improvement of the lipid profile. Moreover, PPARα also modulates the activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and resets the renin-angiotensin system to regulate vascular tone. PPARα gene variants appear to be associated with some cardiovascular risk factors, such as higher plasma lipid levels, cardiac growth, and increased risk of coronary artery disease. Nowadays, novel PPARα drugs with broad safety margins and therapeutic potential for metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases are being developed and applied in the clinical setting. The insights from the current review shed new light on areas of further study and provide a better understanding of the role of PPARα in cardiovascular diseases.

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“…A large RCT is underway, and until the results are available, these medications may be used off-label in patients in whom the response to ursodeoxycholic acid is inadequate. Fibrates, however, do not significantly reduce the risk of cardiovascular events 42 and should not be used for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in patients with PBC and dyslipidemia.…”

Section: Primary Biliary Cholangitismentioning

confidence: 99%