Fiber Tracking at Term Displays Gender Differences Regarding Cognitive and Motor Outcome at 2 Years of Age in Preterm Infants

Kooij, Britt J.M. van; Pul, Carola van; Benders, Manon J. N. L.; Haastert, Ingrid C. van; Vries, Linda S. de; Groenendaal, Floris

doi:10.1203/pdr.0b013e318232a963

Cited by 41 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Limited data suggest quantifiable sex differences in CC development at near-term age (4,34). Male gender is associated with increased risk of adverse outcomes, including CP, following preterm birth (35), although males and females did not differ in neurodevelopmental outcome in this study.…”

Section: Corpus Callosumcontrasting

confidence: 61%

Neonatal brain microstructure correlates of neurodevelopment and gait in preterm children 18–22 mo of age: an MRI and DTI study

et al. 2015

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Background: Near-term brain structure was examined in preterm infants in relation to neurodevelopment. We hypothesized that near-term macrostructural brain abnormalities identified using conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and white matter (WM) microstructure detected using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), would correlate with lower cognitive and motor development and slower, less-stable gait at 18-22 mo of age. Methods: One hundred and two very-low-birth-weight preterm infants (≤1,500 g birth weight; ≤32 wk gestational age) were recruited prior to routine near-term brain MRI at 36.6 ± 1.8 wk postmenstrual age. Cerebellar and WM macrostructure was assessed on conventional structural MRI. DTI was obtained in 66 out of 102 and WM microstructure was assessed using fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity (MD) in six subcortical brain regions defined by DiffeoMap neonatal atlas. Neurodevelopment was assessed with Bayley-Scales-of-InfantToddler-Development, 3rd-Edition (BSID-III); gait was assessed using an instrumented mat. results: Neonates with cerebellar abnormalities identified using MRI demonstrated lower mean BSID-III cognitive composite scores (89.0 ± 10.1 vs. 97.8 ± 12.4; P = 0.002) at 18-22 mo. Neonates with higher DTI-derived left posterior limb of internal capsule (PLIC) MD demonstrated lower cognitive and motor composite scores (r = −0.368; P = 0.004; r = −0.354; P = 0.006) at 18-22 mo; neonates with higher genu MD demonstrated slower gait velocity (r = −0.374; P = 0.007). Multivariate linear regression significantly predicted cognitive (adjusted r 2 = 0.247; P = 0.002) and motor score (adjusted r 2 = 0.131; P = 0.017). conclusion: Near-term cerebellar macrostructure and PLIC and genu microstructure were predictive of early neurodevelopment and gait.

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Section: Corpus Callosumcontrasting

confidence: 61%

Neonatal brain microstructure correlates of neurodevelopment and gait in preterm children 18–22 mo of age: an MRI and DTI study

et al. 2015

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“…Concordant with these data, changes of diffusion measures in the corpus callosum, posterior limb of internal capsule, superior longitudinal fasciculus and corona radiata [46, 47], uncinate fasciculus [45] and white matter [48] have been related to cognitive and behavioral development of preterm infants through childhood and early adulthood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Diffusion Tensor Tractography of the Cerebellar Peduncles in Prematurely Born 7-Year-Old Children

et al. 2016

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The objective of this study was to correlate neurodevelopmental outcome of preterm-born children and their perinatal clinical and imaging characteristics with diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures of the three cerebellar peduncles at age 7. Included in this prospective longitudinal study were 140 preterm born children (< 30 weeks’ gestation) who underwent neurodevelopmental assessment (IQ, motor, language, working memory) and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) at age 7 years. White matter tracts in the superior, middle, and inferior cerebellar peduncles were delineated using regions of interest drawn on T2-weighted images and fractional anisotropy (FA) maps. Diffusion measures (mean diffusivity (MD) and FA) and tract volumes were calculated. Linear regression was used to assess relationships with outcome. The severity of white matter injury in the neonatal period was associated with lower FA in the right superior cerebellar peduncle (SCP) and lower tract volumes of both SCPs and middle cerebellar peduncles (MCPs). In the MCP, higher IQ was associated with lower MD in the whole group and higher FA in right-handed children. In the SCP lower motor scores were associated with higher MD and higher language scores were associated with higher FA. These associations remained significant in multivariable models. This study adds to the body of literature detailing the importance of cerebellar involvement in cognitive function related to reciprocal connections with supratentorial structures.

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“…Sex has also been extensively investigated in terms of neonatal neurology, showing that male infants suffer from poorer neurodevelopmental outcome following preterm birth [1,14]. Even though male infants have a higher brain volume [15], females have a larger corpus callosum bundle volume and length, which is positively associated with better outcome at the age of 2 years [4]. So far, studies of sex-related effects on brain activity in newborns have focused mainly on the infant's arousability, being an important factor in the pathogenesis of sudden infant death syndrome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first year following birth is beyond question the most dynamic phase of postnatal brain development. Neuroimaging studies have been of great use investigating sex-related differences in brain development and have contributed valuable information for a better understanding of the underlying pathologies of brain injury and subsequent neurodevelopmental outcome of prematurely born boys and girls [3,4]. Amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram (aEEG) is used as an instrument for continuous monitoring of electrocortical activity and has been extensively studied in term- and preterm-born infants [5,6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in the Maturation of Amplitude-Integrated EEG Signals in Male and Female Preterm Infants

Griesmaier

Santuari²,

Edlinger³

et al. 2014

Neonatology

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Background: The amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram (aEEG) is a valuable tool for monitoring brain function in preterm infants. Several studies have discussed sex-related differences regarding neonatal morbidity and mortality. To date, no study has been published specifically evaluating potential sex-related differences in aEEG parameters. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess sex-related differences in aEEG signals in preterm born infants without brain injury in the first 4 weeks of life. Methods: aEEG was performed at seven time points (days 1, 2, 3, weeks 1, 2, 3 and 4) and analyzed for Burdjalov total score, number of bursts per hour and visual background pattern. Patients: One hundred and fifty-six infants (85 male and 71 female) born with a gestational age between 28 and 31 completed weeks were evaluated. Results: Mean total score increased with postnatal age and ranged from 5.4 at day 1 to 11.0 at the end of the study period. The score was higher for girls at every time point, and the mean difference was between 0.3 and 0.9. The number of bursts per hour decreased over time from 8.9 at day 1 to 1.6 at the end of the study period. At week 4, the number of bursts per hour was significantly lower in girls (1.3) than in boys (2.0). Conclusion: Sex-related differences were present in aEEG signals of preterm infants. The lower total score and the higher number of bursts might express delayed brain maturation in male preterm infants.

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Fiber Tracking at Term Displays Gender Differences Regarding Cognitive and Motor Outcome at 2 Years of Age in Preterm Infants

Cited by 41 publications

References 33 publications

Neonatal brain microstructure correlates of neurodevelopment and gait in preterm children 18–22 mo of age: an MRI and DTI study

Neonatal brain microstructure correlates of neurodevelopment and gait in preterm children 18–22 mo of age: an MRI and DTI study

Diffusion Tensor Tractography of the Cerebellar Peduncles in Prematurely Born 7-Year-Old Children

Differences in the Maturation of Amplitude-Integrated EEG Signals in Male and Female Preterm Infants

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