Fiber source and xylanase on performance, egg quality, and gastrointestinal tract of laying hens

Sousa, Lorena Salim; Carvalho, Terciane Sabadini; Nogueira, Flávia Aparecida; Saldanha, Mariana Masseo; Vaz, Diêgo Pereira; Bertechini, Antônio Gilberto; Baião, N.C.; Lara, L.J.C.

doi:10.1590/rbz4820170286

Cited by 12 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The quality of produced eggs was negatively affected by feeding laying hens with by-products of caffeine-containing plants, such as coffee husks ( 3 ), cocoa bean shell ( 4 ), and green tea powder ( 6 , 7 ). In this study, caffeine ingestion negatively affected the production and quality of eggs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experimental design was completely randomized of four treatments with three different amounts of caffeine (anhydrous caffeine, Sulfal, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil) per ton of feed: 0 (control), 150, 300, and 450 g/ton. The highest concentration was based in an earlier study that showed impaired egg production by laying hens fed coffee husks at 42.5 g/kg ( 3 ), that is expected to contain caffeine at ~10.0 mg/g ( 12 ), equal to 425 g of caffeine/ton of feed. Ingredients and nutritional composition of the basal diet are shown in Table 1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, humans regularly consume caffeine through the food and beverages derived from these plants; and in this process, large amounts of by-products are generated. These by-products can be used in animal feed, such as coffee husks ( 3 ), cocoa bean shell ( 4 , 5 ), and green tea powder ( 6 , 7 ). Due to the energy levels required by laying hens, fiber sources are essential, and they are being increasingly studied to improve their welfare due to changes in the speed of passage of food in the gastrointestinal tract and consequent reduction in mortality from cannibalism and to reduce the cost of feed ( 3 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Coffee husks contain high levels of fiber, and the concentration of crude proteins ranges from 6.9 to 12% ( 3 , 8 , 9 ). Coffee husks have been used as a component of food for animal species, including laying hens ( 3 ), pigs ( 10 ), sheep ( 8 ), and calves ( 9 ). Cocoa bean shells were found to contain 6.78–13.63% of crude protein and 12.75–33.0% of crude fiber ( 4 , 5 ), and have been used for feeding a wide variety of livestock species ( 11 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Caffeine on Egg Quality and Performance of Laying Hens

et al. 2020

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This study's objective was to determine the effects of caffeine intake at various levels, incorporated in the layers' food, on performance and egg quality of hens. A total of 576 hens, aged 56 weeks, were used. The layers were fed rations containing 0 (control), 150, 300, or 450 ppm of caffeine for 12 weeks. During the experimental period, performance parameters (weight, feed consumption, and livability) and egg production and quality (weight, Haugh unit, percentages of yolk, albumen and eggshell, yolk color, eggshell thickness, and resistance, and calcium and phosphorus eggshell contents) were evaluated. The highest concentration of caffeine in the diet (450 ppm) promoted a significant increase in the mortality of hens (1.45% per week) compared to controls (0.23%). There was a reduction in feed consumption by hens, decreased egg production, and reduced eggshell thickness and percentage, with the increase of caffeine. The egg yolk percentage was increased, and the eggshell percentage was reduced in the groups treated with 300 and 450 ppm of caffeine. Furthermore, reduced eggshell thickness was found in all groups that received caffeine. However, it was found that 150 ppm of caffeine in the food did not cause significant changes in most egg production and quality parameters. In summary, caffeine consumption by laying hens increased mortality rate and promoted deleterious effects on chicken production and egg quality at concentrations of 300 and 450 ppm.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Caffeine on Egg Quality and Performance of Laying Hens

et al. 2020

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Dietary soluble non-starch polysaccharide level and xylanase supplementation influence performance, egg quality and nutrient utilization in laying hens fed wheat-based diets

Nguyen

Morgan

2021

Animal Nutrition

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary soluble non-starch polysaccharide (sNSP) content and xylanase supplementation on production performance, egg quality parameters, and nutrient digestibility in Hy-line Brown layers from 25 to 32 wk of age. A total of 144 Hy-line Brown laying hens (25 wk of age) were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 wheat-based dietary treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial experimental design, with 36 replicates of individual hens per treatment. The diets were formulated to contain either a high or low sNSP level (at 13.3 or 10.8 g/kg) and were supplemented with either 0 or 12,000 BXU/kg exogenous xylanase. Birds were fed these treatment diets for an 8-wk period, and hen production performance, including daily egg production, average egg weight, daily egg mass, feed conversion ratio and proportion of dirty and abnormal eggs were measured at bird age 25 to 28 wk and 29 to 32 wk. An interaction between sNSP content of the diet and xylanase supplementation was observed on daily egg production from 25 to 28 wk of age ( P = 0.018); birds fed the high sNSP diet without xylanase had lower egg production than those fed any other treatment. An interaction between the 2 dietary factors was also observed on hen weight gain at 29 to 32 wk of age ( P = 0.014), with birds fed the low sNSP diet with 12,000 BXU/kg xylanase presenting greater weight gain compared to those fed the high sNSP diet with 12,000 BXU/kg xylanase. Feed intake at 29 to 32 wk of age was reduced by xylanase supplementation ( P = 0.047). Xylanase supplementation also increased yolk colour score at both 28 and 32 wk of age, and decreased yolk weight at 32 wk of age ( P = 0.014, 0.037 and 0.013, respectively). Birds fed the low sNSP diet presented lower protein digestibility ( P = 0.024) than those fed the high sNSP diet. Additionally, birds fed high sNSP presented higher shell reflectivity at both 28 and 32 wk of age ( P = 0.05 and 0.036, respectively). The influence of duration of feeding the treatment diets on egg quality was also determined. It was observed that egg weight, yolk weight and yolk colour score consistently increased over time, regardless of experimental treatment effects. In contrast, Haugh Unit and albumen height significantly decreased throughout the study period in all treatments, although this was less pronounced in hens fed the treatment with high sNSP and no supplemental xylanase. A reduction in shell breaking strength over time was observed only in hens fed the treatments without xylanase addition, and shell thickness was improved over time only in birds fed the low sNSP diet with xylanase. The impacts of the dietary treatments were largely inconsistent in this study, so a solid conclusion cannot be drawn. However, these findings do indicate that dietary NSP level influences layer production performance, and thus should be considered when formulating laying hen d...

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Effect of almond hulls on the performance, egg quality, nutrient digestibility, and body composition of laying hens

2021

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The objective of this study was to evaluate 2 varieties of almond hulls (prime and California type hulls) as an alternative feed ingredient on the performance, egg quality, nutrient digestibility, and body composition using a total of 100 23-week-old Hy-Line W36 hens. Treatments consisted of a control diet based on corn and soybean meal; T2 and T3 were formulated to contain 7.5 and 15% of prime hulls; and T4 and T5 contained 7.5 and 15% of California type hulls. Inclusion of prime hulls and California type hulls had no effects on feed intake, egg laying rate, and feed conversion ratio, but California type hulls at 7.5% decreased ( P < 0.001) body weight gain compared to the control. Prime hulls at 7.5% and California type hulls at both levels improved ( P ≤ 0.022) AMEn and N digestibility. Both prime hulls and California type hulls had no effects on egg size, specific gravity, Haugh unit, and percentages of yolk, albumen and shell, but yolk color appeared greener and less yellow ( P ≤ 0.009) by prime hulls and less yellow ( P = 0.001) by California type hulls. For body composition, prime hulls and California type hulls at both levels lowered ( P ≤ 0.017) body fat, and California type hulls at 7.5% decreased ( P = 0.001) lean weight. In summary, inclusion of prime hulls and California type hulls up to 15% had no negative effect on egg production and egg quality while reduced the body fat percentage and mass.

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Fiber source and xylanase on performance, egg quality, and gastrointestinal tract of laying hens

Cited by 12 publications

References 15 publications

Effects of Caffeine on Egg Quality and Performance of Laying Hens

Effects of Caffeine on Egg Quality and Performance of Laying Hens

Dietary soluble non-starch polysaccharide level and xylanase supplementation influence performance, egg quality and nutrient utilization in laying hens fed wheat-based diets

Effect of almond hulls on the performance, egg quality, nutrient digestibility, and body composition of laying hens

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