Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites for Construction—State-of-the-Art Review

Abstract

A concise state-of-the-art survey of fiber-reinforced polymer ͑also known as fiber-reinforced plastic͒ composites for construction applications in civil engineering is presented. The paper is organized into separate sections on structural shapes, bridge decks, internal reinforcements, externally bonded reinforcements, and standards and codes. Each section includes a historical review, the current state of the art, and future challenges.

Load-bearing capacity of flexural reinforced concrete members strengthened with fiber-reinforced polymer in fracture stage

“…The limit crack depth also could be calculated by combining the relationships given in EC2 and equation (6) …”

“…Generally, we can classify FRP systems into two categories: externally bonded reinforcement (EBR), when FRP sheets, plates, or strips are bonded to the surface of the concrete; and near-surfacemounted (NSM), when circular or rectangular FRP bars or strips are installed and bonded in the grooves of the concrete surface. [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] Seven typical failure modes could be distinguished for RC structures strengthened with FRP: 18 (1) flexural failure caused by FRP rupture, (2) flexural failure caused by crushing of compressive concrete, (3) shear failure, (4) separation of concrete cover of tensile reinforcement, (5) interfacial debonding in FRP plate end, (6) interfacial debonding caused by flexural crack in midspan of the beam, and (7) interfacial debonding caused by intermediate flexural shear crack. Failure mode caused by FRP rupture (mode 1) is appreciated, because, in such case, the full strength of FRP would be used.…”

Experimental and numerical evaluation of composite repairs on wood beams damaged by cross-graining

“…A and B represent the supporting and loading cylinders, respectively. Since the patch will experience uniaxial tension, it consists on a unidirectional lay-up with the fibres aligned along the beam length [38]. The axes 1-3 of Fig.…”

Experimental Measurements and Numerical Simuation of Novel Anchoring Devices for Open Hoop Fiber Reinforcing Polymer Strips Used in the Shear Upgrade of R/C T-Beams

“…When such a strengthening scheme uses externally bonded FRP layers [1] one of the basic problems is the successful transfer of tensile forces between these polymer sheets and the concrete parts of the structure in order to exploit their high tensile capacity [8] (figure 2). Frequently, it is necessary to introduce an appropriate anchoring scheme in order to prevent premature FRP strip debonding failure in order to exploit successfully the high levels of tensile forces that these FRP layers can withstand and thus meet the strengthening design requirements for the structural members under consideration ( [3], [5], [6], [7]).…”