Fiber post bonding with beta‐tricalcium phosphate incorporated root dentin adhesive. SEM, EDX, FTIR, rheometric and bond strength study

Abstract

The aim was to formulate an experimental adhesive (EA) and added nanoparticles (NPs) of beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) to see the impact on pushout bond strength (PBS) and other mechanical properties. Three adhesives were prepared, including EA (control, without β-TCP NPs), 2.5%-β-TCP NPs containing adhesive (2.5%-NPA), and 5% β-TCP NPs containing adhesive (5%-NPA). For the characterization of the NPs, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy was accomplished. For the adhesive's characterization, rheological assessment, and degree of conversion (DC) analysis were performed. PBS of these adhesives against resin fiber post to root dentin, interfacial failure categories, and resin dentin interface analysis were also assessed. The β-TCP NPs were seen as agglomerated asymmetrical particles on SEM. These NPs were composed primarily of calcium (Ca), and phosphorus (P). Rheological evaluation of the adhesive's showed a drop in the viscosity of all adhesives at greater angular frequencies. The greatest DC was detected for the EA group (67.54 ± 7.9) followed by 2.5%-NPA group (45.32 ± 5.1), whereas the lowest DC values were seen for the 5%-NPA group (38.97 ± 6.5).Concerning PBS, the 2.5%-NPA revealed the highest values at the coronal (12.81 ± 3.0) and middle (8.50 ± 2.3) sections, whereas, for the apical section, the highest PBS values were seen for the 5%-NPA (4.9 ± 1.6). Most of the failures for all adhesive groups were seen at the adhesive-dentin interface (cohesive type failures) for all root segments (coronal, middle, and apical). The resin-dentin interface analysis verified hybrid layer and resin tag formation for all adhesives, but the presence of dispersed β-TCP NPs was only seen in the two NP-reinforced adhesives. The adding of β-TCP NPs in the adhesive could be beneficial as it could improve its PBS. Suitable rheological properties and dentin interaction were also observed for NP-reinforced adhesives. A reduced DC was seen for both β-TCP NP-containing adhesives as compared to the EA. Research Highlights• Experimental adhesives were reinforced with beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) nanocrystals.

Self-Etch Adhesive-Loaded ZrO2/Ag3PO4 Nanoparticles on Caries-Affected Dentin: A Tensile Bond Strength, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy, Survival Rate Assessment of S. mutans, and Degree of Conversion Analysis

“…The study was approved by the Ethical Committee of King Saud University. In determining the sample size, it was decided that 20 teeth per group would be adequate, taking into account a significance level of 0.05 and a study power of 0.80 for the detection of a significant difference [18,19]. Eighty human third molars that had caries advancement up to the middle 1/3rd of the dentin confirmed by bitewing radiography were included.…”

“…Subsequently, these samples were examined using a scanning electron microscope (Jeol JSM-IT-100, Jeol, Osaka, Japan). The investigations involved the utilization of an accelerating voltage of 30 kV, and different magnifications were employed to capture detailed micrographs of the samples under inquiry [18][19][20].…”

Aluminum zirconate nanoparticles in etch and rinse adhesive to caries affected dentine: An in‐vitro scanning electron microscopy, elemental distribution, antibacterial, degree of conversion and micro‐tensile bond strength assessment

“…The spectra for the degree of conversion (DC) were determined within the region of 400 to 4000 cm À1 (Vohra et al, 2023).…”

“…The use of nanotechnology in resin adhesives is currently considered a major advancement in the field of dental materials. Several research studies have been carried out to assess the effects of various nanoparticles (NPs) incorporated within the adhesive on both antibacterial effectiveness and mechanical properties (Almutairi et al, 2021;Vohra et al, 2023).…”