Fiber-optic laser sensor for mine detection and verification

Bohling, Christian; Scheel, Dirk; Hohmann, Konrad; Schade, Wolfgang; Reuter, M.; Holl, Gerhard

doi:10.1364/ao.45.003817

Cited by 47 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Bohling et al 357 used a miniaturized laser technology, fiber optics and time-resolved detection of LIBS intensities at 388 nm for real-time spectroscopic classification of different mine casing materials and explosives. They improved the accuracy in the identification of different materials with identical atomic composition by timeresolved LIBS and application of self-learning neural networks.…”

Section: Chemometrics Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Pasquini¹,

Cortez²,

Silva³

et al. 2007

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

341

195

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Esta revisão descreve os aspectos fundamentais, a instrumentação, as aplicações e tendências futuras de uma técnica analítica que se encontra em seu estágio de consolidação e que está em vias de estabelecer o seu nicho entre as técnicas espectrofotométricas modernas. A técnica é denominada Espectroscopia de Emissão em Plasma Induzido por Laser (em inglês, Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy, LIBS) e sua principal característica está no uso de pulsos de laser como fonte de energia para vaporizar a amostra e excitar a emissão de radiação eletromagnética, a partir de seus elementos e/ou fragmentos moleculares. A radiação emitida é analisada por meio de instrumentos ópticos de alta resolução e as suas intensidades são medidas, usualmente com detectores rápidos de estado sólido. Em conjunto, esses dispositivos permitem a geração e a medida de um espectro de emissão de faixa ampla do fenômeno induzido pelo pulso de laser. O espectro registrado contém informação qualitativa e quantitativa que pode ser correlacionada com a identidade da amostra ou empregada na determinação da quantidade de seus constituintes. Essa revisão é dividida em quatro partes. A primeira aborda aspectos históricos da técnica e os conceitos teóricos relevantes associados com LIBS; então, os aspectos práticos de diversas abordagens experimentais e instrumentais empregadas na implementação da técnica são revistos de forma crítica; as aplicações encontradas na literatura, incluindo aquelas que empregam quimiometria, são classificadas e exemplificadas por meio de trabalhos relevantes recentemente publicados. Finalmente, uma tentativa de estabelecer uma avaliação global e as perspectivas futuras para a técnica é apresentada.This review describes the fundamentals, instrumentation, applications and future trends of an analytical technique that is in its early stages of consolidation and is establishing its definitive niches among modern spectrometric techniques. The technique has been named Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and its main characteristic stands in the use of short laser pulses as the energy source to vaporize samples and excite the emission of electromagnetic radiation from its elements and/or molecular fragments. The emitted radiation is analyzed by high resolution optics and the intensities are recorded, usually by fast triggered solid state detectors. Together, these devices allow producing and registering a wide ranging emission spectrum of the short-lived phenomenon induced by the laser pulse. The spectrum contains qualitative and quantitative information which can be correlated with sample identity or can be used to determine the amount of its constituents. This review is divided in four parts. First, the relevant historical and theoretical concepts associated with LIBS are presented; then the main practical aspects of the several experimental and instrumental approaches employed for implementation of the technique are critically described; the applications related in the literature, including those making use of chemometri...

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Section: Chemometrics Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Pasquini¹,

Cortez²,

Silva³

et al. 2007

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

341

195

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…¼ 25.4 mm, f ¼ 90 mm, Edmund Optics, New Jersey, USA) located at 27 cm from the target and producing an image of the source onto the light collection fiber placed 14.5 cm behind. The axis of detection is 18 off the normal to the target surface. For our measurements, we evaluated three different commercial combinations of spectrometer/detector typically used in LIBS systems and LIBS laboratory setup.…”

Section: Light Collection and Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a compact high power pulsed fiber laser source for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Gravel

Doucet

Bouchard

et al. 2011

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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The aim of the present work is to evaluate the potential of a fast growing laser technology, the fiber laser, in the field of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). Many compact fiber lasers are now available, which produce a high quality beam and deliver sufficient energy to generate optically interesting plasmas for analytical purposes at very high repetition rates. This technology has not been yet seriously investigated for LIBS applications. We summarize here the main specifications and analytical performances of this laser source coupled to three different spectrometers for the analysis of aluminium samples. Limits of detection in the low mg g À1 range are calculated for magnesium, copper, manganese, silicon, iron and chromium. Using a compact spectrometer, a low limit of detection of 1.1 mg g À1 is obtained for magnesium in aluminium. Ablation craters produced on aluminium are also characterized. Finally, we briefly illustrate the possibilities of the fiber laser for the LIBS analysis of another matrix, calculating limits of detection that are below 20 mg g À1 for silver, iron and nickel in copper. Fig. 1 Conceptual representation of a master oscillator power amplifier.

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“…LIBS was also used to upgrade the function of a conventional mine prodder for the humanitarian search for anti-personnel mines. For this purpose fiber optics have been integrated into the prodder and the combination of LIBS with a miniaturized microchip laser and neural network for data analysis enables reliable identification of different mine casings [51,52]. The concept for the fiber-based LIBS prodder system and experimental results from a field campaign for the identification of different casing materials in soil are shown in Figure 8.5.…”

Section: Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (Libs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Explosives

Schade

Orghici

Mordmüller

et al. 2012

Handbook of Biophotonics

Self Cite

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Nowadays, much attention is given to the detection of explosives in order to prevent terrorist activities and assure security at airports, aviation, public transportation, convention halls, concerts, and so on. The location of undetonated and buried landmines is also a matter of great importance that could help to minimize fatalities and injuries among civilians caused by mines detonating. Another problem related to the use of explosives is the fact that nitrogen-based explosives, such as trinitrotoluene (TNT), are toxic and able to rapidly penetrate the skin, leading to significant health problems [1,2]. For this reason, the sensing of hazardous substances may be of great interest at many facilities, where explosive materials were/are still manufactured and deposited, in order to avoid contamination of the soil or groundwater with the toxic compounds that can result from improper waste disposal, and to ensure the safety of both workers and nearby residents.As can be seen, the detection of explosives is a significant task in the field of security and environmental analysis. Over the last several years major efforts have been focused on developing innovative sensing devices, capable of detecting hazardous species. In contrast to commonly used methods, such as ion mobility spectrometry (IMS), gas chromatography, or mass spectrometry, that require sampling for performing analysis and are relatively cost-intensive, optical methods are ideally suited for a fast online and in situ detection of hazardous substances due to their contact-free and nondestructive operation.However, at the present time, there is no sensing system available which can identify all explosive compounds, promising high sensitivity, selectivity, and low false-alarm rate, simultaneously. Depending on the nature of the applications, sensing devices based on different laser spectroscopic methods have been developed, each of them offering high efficiency for a specific type of explosive material. A reliable detection of explosive traces in the vapor phase or in the form of particles, essential for security applications, can only be achieved by combining the sensing methods and their respective features. In the following, an overview of several laser-

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Fiber-optic laser sensor for mine detection and verification

Cited by 47 publications

References 22 publications

Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Evaluation of a compact high power pulsed fiber laser source for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Detection of Explosives

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