Fiber in Our Diet and Its Role in Health and Disease

Mandaliya, Dipeeka; Patel, Sweta; Seshadri, Sriram

doi:10.1007/978-981-13-1123-9_12

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Dietary fibers can be defined as plant carbohydrates and lignins which cannot be digested and absorbed in small intestine by the conventional digestive enzymes. Dietary fibers aid in maintaining good health and combat various diseases like obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, colon cancer [22] . Therefore, an increase in fiber will improve metabolism and promote a healthy digestive system.…”

Section: Proximate Analysis Of Composite Breadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Moringa oleifera leaf powder on some chemical, phytochemical and antioxidant properties of bread: Potential control for NCDs

Aishat¹,

Owamagbe²,

Ehimwenma³

et al. 2021

J Pharmacogn Phytochem

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Poor diet has been associated with several chronic diseases including obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and type 2 diabetes. Bread is widely consumed even though they are high in carbohydrates and low in essential nutrients. This study evaluated the nutritional, phytochemical and antioxidant properties of bread supplemented with Moringa oleifera leaf powder. Bread samples were prepared by supplementing wheat flour with moringa leaf powder at the levels of 3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 10.0 and 15.0% and their nutritional components and in vitro antioxidant properties were determined using standard protocols. Results of nutritional quality showed that M10 (10% moringa: 90% flour) bread had enhanced levels of ash (1.84 to 2.47%), protein (8.05 to 14.66%), fat (10.32 to 13.05%) and fiber (0.65 to 1.31%) with reduced moisture (12.09 to 11.45%) and carbohydrate (67.05 to 57.06%) contents, respectively. Phytochemical and antioxidant properties also showed that M10 bread had the highest total phenol (0.5 to 1.24 mg GAE/g extract), flavonoid (1.55 to 9.01 mg QE/g extract), alkaloid (5.39 to 13.48 mg QE/g extract), reducing power potential (0.29 to 3.18 mg AAE/g extract) and DPPH radical scavenging ability (45.13 to 77.65%). While total tannins (0.29 to 0.56 mg TAE/g extract), total saponins (2.27 to 4.52 mg QE/g extract) and FRAP (1.16 to 1.66 mg AAE/g extract) activities were significantly (p< 0.05) high in the M7 (7% moringa: 93% flour) bread. The result of this study indicates that supplementation of bread with Moringa oleifera leaf powder improved the nutritional and antioxidant properties of bread and can therefore be incorporated as functional food for the control of NCDs and improvement of health status.

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Section: Proximate Analysis Of Composite Breadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Moringa oleifera leaf powder on some chemical, phytochemical and antioxidant properties of bread: Potential control for NCDs

Aishat¹,

Owamagbe²,

Ehimwenma³

et al. 2021

J Pharmacogn Phytochem

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show abstract

“…The term dietary fiber includes a wide range of carbohydrates from various sources that cannot be digested by human digestive enzymes and therefore move to the large intestine, where they are fermented by the resident gut microbiota [ 1 , 2 ]. These fiber compounds differ in their physiochemical properties including solubility, viscosity, and fermentability, which have implications for their effects on clinical outcomes as well as their interactions with the gut microbiota [ 2 , 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Certain fibers, such as RS2, are not fully digested in the upper digestive tract and therefore provide a substrate for bacterial metabolism in the large intestine. Bacterial fermentation results in the production of metabolites, primarily short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) including acetate, propionate, and butyrate [ 1 , 10 ]. SCFAs are the most predominant microbial metabolites in the large intestine and impact functions such as glucose homeostasis, inflammation, and satiety [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistant Starch Type 2 from Wheat Reduces Postprandial Glycemic Response with Concurrent Alterations in Gut Microbiota Composition

et al. 2021

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The majority of research on the physiological effects of dietary resistant starch type 2 (RS2) has focused on sources derived from high-amylose maize. In this study, we conduct a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial investigating the effects of RS2 from wheat on glycemic response, an important indicator of metabolic health, and the gut microbiota. Overall, consumption of RS2-enriched wheat rolls for one week resulted in reduced postprandial glucose and insulin responses relative to conventional wheat when participants were provided with a standard breakfast meal containing the respective treatment rolls (RS2-enriched or conventional wheat). This was accompanied by an increase in the proportions of bacterial taxa Ruminococcus and Gemmiger in the fecal contents, reflecting the composition in the distal intestine. Additionally, fasting breath hydrogen and methane were increased during RS2-enriched wheat consumption. However, although changes in fecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations were not significant between control and RS-enriched wheat roll consumption, butyrate and total SCFAs were positively correlated with relative abundance of Faecalibacterium, Ruminoccocus, Roseburia, and Barnesiellaceae. These effects show that RS2-enriched wheat consumption results in a reduction in postprandial glycemia, altered gut microbial composition, and increased fermentation activity relative to wild-type wheat.

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“…Since current evidence that supports the SCFAs' health effect is mainly generated from the research focused on the large intestine, direct oral intake of the SCFAs may not be the optimal choice (26). Intaking dietary fibers is another widely used way to enhance the SCFAs' production in the large intestine (27,28). However, the production of each SCFA cannot be quantitatively controlled, and the role of each SCFA is hard to identify.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumption of Butylated Starch Alleviates the Chronic Restraint Stress-Induced Neurobehavioral and Gut Barrier Deficits Through Reshaping the Gut Microbiota

et al. 2021

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The beneficial effect of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) on host health has been well recognized based on the booming knowledge from gut microbiome research. The role of SCFA in influencing psychological function is highlighted in recent years but has not been fully elucidated. In this study, the SCFA-acylated starches were used to accomplish a sizeable intestine-targeted release of the SCFAs, and the neurobehavioral, immunological, and microbial effects were further investigated. Acetylated-, butylated-, and isobutylated-starch could attenuate the depression-like behaviors and excessive corticosterone production in chronically stressed mice. Butylated- starch significantly reduced the colonic permeability via increasing the tight junction proteins (including ZO-1, Claudin, and Occludin) gene expression and reduced the level of the inflammatory cytokines (including IL-1β and IL-6). The butylated starch’s neurological and immunological benefits may be derived from the gut microbiome modifications, including normalizing the abundance of certain beneficial microbes (Odoribacter and Oscillibacter) and metabolomic pathways (Tryptophan synthesis and Inositol degradation). The present findings further validate the brain-beneficial effect of butyrate and offer novel guidance for developing novel food or dietary supplements for improving mental health.

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Fiber in Our Diet and Its Role in Health and Disease

Cited by 11 publications

References 30 publications

Effects of Moringa oleifera leaf powder on some chemical, phytochemical and antioxidant properties of bread: Potential control for NCDs

Effects of Moringa oleifera leaf powder on some chemical, phytochemical and antioxidant properties of bread: Potential control for NCDs

Resistant Starch Type 2 from Wheat Reduces Postprandial Glycemic Response with Concurrent Alterations in Gut Microbiota Composition

Consumption of Butylated Starch Alleviates the Chronic Restraint Stress-Induced Neurobehavioral and Gut Barrier Deficits Through Reshaping the Gut Microbiota

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