FGM stainless steel-Ti(C,N) cermets through colloidal processing

Escribano, J.A.; García, J.; Alvaredo, P.; Ferrari, B.; Gordo, E.; Sánchez-Herencia, Antonio Javier

doi:10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2014.05.008

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…Powders were processed using a combination of colloidal and powder metallurgy techniques. High solid content suspensions were formulated for submicron powders of Ti(C,N), Fe and the mixture of Fe and Ni, using deionized water as dispersion medium [33,34]. In all cases, the slurries were prepared in deionized water and pH was adjusted up to 10-11 adding Tetra methyl ammonium hydroxide (TMAH), where surfaces of the powder particles are chemically stable.…”

Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of mechanical properties at microstructural length scale of Ti(C,N)–FeNi ceramic-metal composites by means of massive nanoindentation and statistical analysis

Besharatloo

Nicolás

Roa

et al. 2019

Ceramics International

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It is well known the interest of the scientific community in substituting the traditional cemented carbides (WC-Co) by alternative ceramic-metal systems. In this regard, Ti(C,N)based cermets arise as excellent candidates due to their exceptional mechanical, tribological and thermal properties. In this work, microstructurally different Ti(C,N)-FeNi cermets were processed using a combination of colloidal and powder metallurgy techniques. Three distinct ceramic/metal phase ratios were used: 85/15, 80/20 and 70/30 (volume fraction) of Ti(C,N) and FeNi respectively. Microstructural parameters and micromechanical properties (hardness and stiffness) of the three composite systems and their constitutive phases were assessed. Small-scale hardness was evaluated by means of massive nanoindentation testing and statistical analysis of the gathered data, under the consideration of three mechanically different phases: Ti(C,N) particles, metallic binder and a composite-like one, corresponding to probing regions containing both constitutive phases. It is found that values of local hardness for both composite-like and metallic phases increase as the ceramic/metal phase ratio rises. In particular, local hardness values are determined to be significantly distinct for the metallic binder in the three cermets investigated. Results are discussed and rationalized on the basis of the constrained deformation imposed for the harder phase to the softer and more ductile one. Estimated effective flow stress values for the metallic binder as well as detailed inspection of crack-microstructure interaction and fractographic features point out the effectiveness of FeNi as reinforcement phase and toughening agent for Ti(C,N)-base cermets.

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Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of mechanical properties at microstructural length scale of Ti(C,N)–FeNi ceramic-metal composites by means of massive nanoindentation and statistical analysis

Besharatloo

Nicolás

Roa

et al. 2019

Ceramics International

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“…Previous studies of the morphology and particle size distribution of the as received Ti(C,N) showed that particle population ranges from 200 nm to 2 μm, where a 30% in volume of particles is the fraction of fines ranging 200 300 nm [20]. Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…DI water was also used as solvent to prepare the mixture of KOH/N 2 H 4 . Ti(C,N) suspensions with a 3 vol.% solid content were prepared using DI water as described elsewhere [20]. The procedure to synthesize the Ni nanoparticles was similar to that used for the homogeneous precipi tation described elsewhere [19].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical precipitation of nickel nanoparticles on Ti(C,N) suspensions focused on cermet processing

Dios

González

Gordo

et al. 2017

International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials

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Ti(C,N) based cermets are currently used in high speed cutting tools industry due to its high thermal stability. In previous works, Fe was proposed as metal matrix, however the use of iron as continuous matrix strongly affects the processing due to the low wetting capability of molten Fe with the reinforcement phase, Ti(C,N). To solve this problem, the use of alloys such as FeNi has been proposed, where Ni improves the wettability between the ce ramic and the metal phases. This work proposes a bottom up approach to build the cermet microstructure through the synthesis of metal nanoparticles (NPs) on the surface of Ti(C,N) micrometric particles, creating Ti(C,N) Ni core shell structures. For that purpose, the in situ synthesis of Ni NPs through the chemical reduction of a Ni precursor onto the surface of micrometric Ti(C,N) particles, previously stabilized in an aqueous suspen sion, was proposed. Core shell structures were characterized by X Ray Diffraction (XRD), scanning electron mi croscopy (SEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE SEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy dispersive X Ray spectros copy (EDX) and Raman Spectroscopy.

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“…An alternative approach to achieve homogeneous dispersion of the phases and higher control of the microstructures for processing cermets is the use colloidal techniques, which have been success fully implemented for the production of traditional and advanced ceramics at industrial level. The advantages offered by the colloidal route have been demonstrated in the processing of Ni and Ni composites [27,28] and Fe based cermets [29] providing controlled microstructures through a very intimate mixture of the ceramic and metal phases, using particles in the micrometric range and avoiding mechanical milling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then 0.4 wt% of Polyethylenimine (PEI) was added as dispersant. Ti(C,N), Fe and Ni slurries were prepared separately and milled in a ball mill for 1 h, using silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) and nylon balls for ceramic and metal particles respectively [29,34]. In order to eval uate the effect of a small addition of C, a graphite suspension of 10 g/L was prepared in ethanol using Black Carbon (ISTAM, Ger many) with a density of 2.24 g/cm 3 and a mean particle size of 18 mm [35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel colloidal approach for the microstructural improvement in Ti(C,N)/FeNi cermets

Dios

González

Alvaredo

et al. 2017

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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In this work, the combination of colloidal and powder metallurgy techniques was proposed as an alternative route to produce Ti(C,N) based cermets with a 15 20 vol% of Fe/Ni alloy (85/15 wt%) as metal matrix. The novelty of this processing route is based in the mixture of fine powders (1 3 mm) in sus pension which promotes the uniformity of the phase distribution and consequently its reactivity, leading to 99.9% dense cermets with 1300 Vickers Hardness (HV30). The preparation of colloidal and chemically stable slurries of non oxide and metal powders in aqueous media is a key step of the process. Highly concentrated aqueous slurries of Ti(C,N), Fe, Ni and C powders were prepared and mixed. Then bulk pieces were shaped by Slip casting (SC), Slip Casting þ Cold Isostatic Pressing (SC CIP) and Spray Dry þ Uniaxial Pressing of the obtained spherical granules (SDP). The composite formulation and the thermal treatment were optimized to prevent Ni sublimation during sintering as well as to improve liquid phase sintering in terms of wetting and reactivity among well packed particles. The effective dispersion of the slurry and the synergistic effect of combined techniques yielded the preparation of reliable materials by the SDP process with 15 wt% of FeNi with the addition of 0.5 wt% of C. The opti mization of the composite formulation and the processing parameters improves both density and hardness of a finer microstructure of the composite after a short sintering treatment (120 min) at 1450 C in vacuum.

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FGM stainless steel-Ti(C,N) cermets through colloidal processing

Cited by 9 publications

References 22 publications

Assessment of mechanical properties at microstructural length scale of Ti(C,N)–FeNi ceramic-metal composites by means of massive nanoindentation and statistical analysis

Assessment of mechanical properties at microstructural length scale of Ti(C,N)–FeNi ceramic-metal composites by means of massive nanoindentation and statistical analysis

Chemical precipitation of nickel nanoparticles on Ti(C,N) suspensions focused on cermet processing

Novel colloidal approach for the microstructural improvement in Ti(C,N)/FeNi cermets

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