FGF, TGF<i>β</i>and Wnt crosstalk: embryonic to<i>in vitro</i>cartilage development from mesenchymal stem cells

Cleary, Mairéad A.; Osch, Gerjo J.V.M. van; Brama, P. A. J.; Hellingman, Catharine A.; Narcisi, Roberto

doi:10.1002/term.1744

Cited by 55 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 131 publications

(190 reference statements)

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“…There is also research that had found that TGF- β 1 always played an essential role in chondrocyte maturation. TGF- β 1 stimulated chondrocytes proliferation but inhibited chondrocyte differentiation [19]. Recently in order to induce chondrocytes repair of the damaged cartilage several investigations have focused on how to deliver TGF- β 1 to damaged articular cartilage in vivo [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Cocultured with Chondrocytes Promote the Proliferation of Chondrocytes

Shi

Liang

Guo

et al. 2017

Stem Cells International

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Articular cartilage injury and defect caused by trauma and chronic osteoarthritis vascularity are very common, while the repair of injured cartilage remains a great challenge due to its limited healing capacity. Stem cell-based tissue engineering provides a promising treatment option for injured articular cartilage because of the cells potential for multiple differentiations. However, its application has been largely limited by stem cell type, number, source, proliferation, and differentiation. We hypothesized that (1) adipose-derived stem cells are ideal seed cells for articular cartilage repair because of their accessibility and abundance and (2) the microenvironment of articular cartilage could induce adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) to differentiate into chondrocytes. In order to test our hypotheses, we isolated stem cells from rabbit adipose tissues and cocultured these ADSCs with rabbit articular cartilage chondrocytes. We found that when ADSCs were cocultured with chondrocytes, the proliferation of articular cartilage chondrocytes was promoted, the apoptosis of chondrocytes was inhibited, and the osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of ADSCs was enhanced. The study on the mechanism of this coculture system indicated that the role of this coculture system is similar to the function of TGF-β1 in the promotion of chondrocytes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Cocultured with Chondrocytes Promote the Proliferation of Chondrocytes

Shi

Liang

Guo

et al. 2017

Stem Cells International

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“…Intramembranous ossification primarily takes place at both ends of bony callus, and new bones are formed by proliferation of periosteal osteoblasts [2, 3]. The process of fracture healing is completed as callus is remodeled, with functions of both osteoclasts and osteoblasts according to appropriate mechanical requirements [4, 5]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endogenous Parathyroid Hormone Promotes Fracture Healing by Increasing Expression of BMPR2 through cAMP/PKA/CREB Pathway in Mice

Zhou

Jin

et al. 2017

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Background/Aims: Endogenous parathyroid hormone (PTH) plays an important role in fracture healing. This study investigated whether endogenous PTH regulates fracture healing by bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and/or the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway. Methods: Eight-week-old wild-type (WT) and PTH-knockout (PTH KO) male mice were selected, and models of open right-femoral fracture were constructed. Fracture healing and callus characteristics of mice in the two groups were compared by X-ray, micro-computed tomography, histological, and immunohistochemical examinations. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) of 8-week-old WT and PTHKO male mice were obtained and induced into osteoblasts and chondrocytes. Results: We found that expression levels of Runt-related transcription factor (RUNX2), bone morphogenetic protein-receptor-type Ⅱ (BMPR2), phosphorylated Smad 1/5/8, and phosphorylated cyclic adenosine monophosphate-responsive element binding protein (CREB) in the callus of PTHKO mice were significantly decreased, whereas no significant difference in expression of SOX9, TGF-βR2,or pSMAD2/3 was observed between PTHKO and WT mice. Additionally, the activity of osteoblast alkaline phosphatase was low at 7 days post-induction, and was upregulated by addition of PTH or dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate (dbcAMP) to the cell culture. Furthermore, H89 (protein kinase A inhibitor)eliminated the simulating effects of PTH and dbcAMP, and a low concentration of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) was observed in PTHKO mouse BMMSCs. Conclusion: These results suggested that endogenous PTH enhanced BMPR2 expression by a cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway in osteoblasts, and increased RUNX2 expression through transduction of the BMP/pSMAD1/5/8 signaling pathway.

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“…TGF‐β, a pleiotropic cytokine, is involved in the regulation of cell division and suppression of immune response 55. Upon binding of TGF‐β to its receptor, the receptor complex recruits and phosphorylates the carboxy terminus of receptor‐regulated Smad proteins (R‐Smads: Smad2 and Smad3) 36, 56. Phosphorylated Smads can interact with Smad4 to become a complex, and this complex translocates into the nucleus and turns on gene transcription 55.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Midazolam inhibits chondrogenesis via peripheral benzodiazepine receptor in human mesenchymal stem cells

Chen

Huang

et al. 2018

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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Midazolam, a benzodiazepine derivative, is widely used for sedation and surgery. However, previous studies have demonstrated that Midazolam is associated with increased risks of congenital malformations, such as dwarfism, when used during early pregnancy. Recent studies have also demonstrated that Midazolam suppresses osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Given that hypertrophic chondrocytes can differentiate into osteoblast and osteocytes and contribute to endochondral bone formation, the effect of Midazolam on chondrogenesis remains unclear. In this study, we applied a human MSC line, the KP cell, to serve as an in vitro model to study the effect of Midazolam on chondrogenesis. We first successfully established an in vitro chondrogenic model in a micromass culture or a 2D high‐density culture performed with TGF‐β‐driven chondrogenic induction medium. Treatment of the Midazolam dose‐dependently inhibited chondrogenesis, examined using Alcian blue‐stained glycosaminoglycans and the expression of chondrogenic markers, such as SOX9 and type II collagen. Inhibition of Midazolam by peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (PBR) antagonist PK11195 or small interfering RNA rescued the inhibitory effects of Midazolam on chondrogenesis. In addition, Midazolam suppressed transforming growth factor‐β‐induced Smad3 phosphorylation, and this inhibitory effect could be rescued using PBR antagonist PK11195. This study provides a possible explanation for Midazolam‐induced congenital malformations of the musculoskeletal system through PBR.

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FGF, TGFβand Wnt crosstalk: embryonic toin vitrocartilage development from mesenchymal stem cells

Cited by 55 publications

References 131 publications

Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Cocultured with Chondrocytes Promote the Proliferation of Chondrocytes

Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Cocultured with Chondrocytes Promote the Proliferation of Chondrocytes

Endogenous Parathyroid Hormone Promotes Fracture Healing by Increasing Expression of BMPR2 through cAMP/PKA/CREB Pathway in Mice

Midazolam inhibits chondrogenesis via peripheral benzodiazepine receptor in human mesenchymal stem cells

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