FGF Signaling Regulates Cytoskeletal Remodeling during Epithelial Morphogenesis

Sai, Xiaorei; Ladher, Raj K.

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2008.05.049

Cited by 66 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…Consistently, mice deficient in Fgf8 in the olfactory placodes lack, or have severely reduced, olfactory placodes and nasal cavities (Kawauchi et al, 2005). A similar finding has been described in a recent study, in which inhibition of Fgf activity in the chick otic placodal region resulted in lack of otic placodal invagination (Sai and Ladher, 2008). However, additional studies describing the molecular mechanisms regulating placodal invagination are required to understand this process in more detail.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Opposing Fgf and Bmp activities regulate the specification of olfactory sensory and respiratory epithelial cell fates

et al. 2010

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SUMMARYThe olfactory sensory epithelium and the respiratory epithelium are derived from the olfactory placode. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating the differential specification of the sensory and the respiratory epithelium have remained undefined. To address this issue, we first identified Msx1/2 and Id3 as markers for respiratory epithelial cells by performing quail chick transplantation studies. Next, we established chick explant and intact chick embryo assays of sensory/respiratory epithelial cell differentiation and analyzed two mice mutants deleted of Bmpr1a;Bmpr1b or Fgfr1;Fgfr2 in the olfactory placode. In this study, we provide evidence that in both chick and mouse, Bmp signals promote respiratory epithelial character, whereas Fgf signals are required for the generation of sensory epithelial cells. Moreover, olfactory placodal cells can switch between sensory and respiratory epithelial cell fates in response to Fgf and Bmp activity, respectively. Our results provide evidence that Fgf activity suppresses and restricts the ability of Bmp signals to induce respiratory cell fate in the nasal epithelium. In addition, we show that in both chick and mouse the lack of Bmp or Fgf activity results in disturbed placodal invagination; however, the fate of cells in the remaining olfactory epithelium is independent of morphological movements related to invagination. In summary, we present a conserved mechanism in amniotes in which Bmp and Fgf signals act in an opposing manner to regulate the respiratory versus sensory epithelial cell fate decision.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Opposing Fgf and Bmp activities regulate the specification of olfactory sensory and respiratory epithelial cell fates

et al. 2010

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“…Fgf signaling has previously been implicated in apical constriction via activation of basally localized Myosin II during inner ear morphogenesis (Sai and Ladher, 2008). However, our data provide the first example that Fgfr activation, through the Ras-MAPK pathway, can regulate the localization of…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Fgfr-Ras-MAPK signaling is required for apical constriction via apical positioning of Rho-associated kinase during mechanosensory organ formation

Harding

Nechiporuk

2012

Development

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“…Basal expansion correlates with the generation of polarity in one component of the cytoskeleton: actin filaments. Prior to morphogenesis, actin filaments can be detected both apically and basally in the inner ear placode; however, when invagination begins, actin filaments are depleted basally and enriched apically (Sai and Ladher, 2008). FGF signalling plays an important role in this process.…”

Section: Otic and Epibranchial Placode Morphogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

From shared lineage to distinct functions: the development of the inner ear and epibranchial placodes

Ladher¹,

O’Neill²,

2010

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SummaryThe inner ear and the epibranchial ganglia constitute much of the sensory system in the caudal vertebrate head. The inner ear consists of mechanosensory hair cells, their neurons, and structures necessary for sound and balance sensation. The epibranchial ganglia are knots of neurons that innervate and relay sensory signals from several visceral organs and the taste buds. Their development was once thought to be independent, in line with their independent functions. However, recent studies indicate that both systems arise from a morphologically distinct common precursor domain: the posterior placodal area. This review summarises recent studies into the induction, morphogenesis and innervation of these systems and discusses lineage restriction and cell specification in the context of their common origin. Key words: Epibranchial, Inner ear, Neurogenesis, Placode, Signalling IntroductionCranial placodes, found in all vertebrates, are transient thickenings of ectoderm that contribute extensively to the sensory component of the cephalic peripheral nervous system (see Box 1 and Glossary, Box 2). Individual placodes give rise to characteristic cell types, although the diversity of placodal derivatives varies (Box 1). Some placodes, such as the olfactory, otic and lateral line placodes, can form the receptive cell that responds to a stimulus, as well as the sensory neurons that transmit this information (Box 1). Others, such as the epibranchial and trigeminal placodes, only give rise to sensory neurons. The lens and adenohypophyseal placodes generate no sensory derivatives (Baker and Bronner-Fraser, 2001;Webb and Noden, 1993;Begbie and Graham, 2001b). In this review, we focus on the inner ear (or otic) placode and the epibranchial series of placodes and discuss their origins from a common progenitor domain: the posterior placodal area (PPA) (Fig. 1).The otic placode forms the complex inner ear structure that detects sound and balance, as well as the neurons that convey this information to the auditory hindbrain. The otic placodes form distinctive paired depressions adjacent to the caudal hindbrain and progressively deepen to form otocysts (see Glossary, Box 2). Transcriptional networks, influenced by extrinsic signals, drive the regional differentiation of the otic placode to generate mechanosensory hair cells, supporting cells and neurons (see Box 1 and Glossary, Box 2). This progressive differentiation results in a remarkable convolution of the simple spherical otocyst into an intricate structure that is dedicated to receiving information on balance, angular velocity and sound. These later morphogenetic events have been well reviewed (Bok et al., 2007;Fritzsch et al., 2006;Torres and Giráldez, 1998) and will not be covered here.The epibranchial placodes give rise to the geniculate, petrosal and nodose ganglia, which contribute sensory neurons to cranial nerves VII (facial), IX (glossopharyngeal) and X (vagus), in that order (see Box 1 and Glossary, Box 2; Fig. 1). Epibranchial placodes are located ventral to the...

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FGF Signaling Regulates Cytoskeletal Remodeling during Epithelial Morphogenesis

Cited by 66 publications

References 38 publications

Opposing Fgf and Bmp activities regulate the specification of olfactory sensory and respiratory epithelial cell fates

Opposing Fgf and Bmp activities regulate the specification of olfactory sensory and respiratory epithelial cell fates

Fgfr-Ras-MAPK signaling is required for apical constriction via apical positioning of Rho-associated kinase during mechanosensory organ formation

From shared lineage to distinct functions: the development of the inner ear and epibranchial placodes

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