FGF-dependent midline-derived progenitor cells in hypothalamic infundibular development

Pearson, Caroline Alayne; Ohyama, Katsumi; Manning, Liz; Aghamohammadzadeh, Soheil; Sang, Helen; Placzek, Marysia

doi:10.1242/dev.062794

Cited by 44 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Loss-of-function studies, electroporating a Tbx2 siRNA construct into chick RDVM cells showed that Tbx2 is required to downregulate Shh in RDVM cells and to promote cell cycle (Manning et al, 2006). Explant culture studies show that Fgf signals in an autocrine manner to promote proliferation of hypothalamic progenitors (Pearson et al, 2011). Studies in mice extended this work, showing that Tbx2 and Tbx3 repress Shh by sequestering Sox2 away from a Shh cis-regulatory element (Trowe et al, 2013), again, highlighting the importance of SoxB1 genes as activators of neural expression and their intimate association with Shh in the neural tube.…”

Section: Shh Signaling In Anterior Regions Of the Neural Tubementioning

confidence: 99%

Sonic hedgehog in vertebrate neural tube development

Placzek

Briscoe²

2018

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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The formation and wiring of the vertebrate nervous system involves the spatially and temporally ordered production of diverse neuronal and glial subtypes that are molecularly and functionally distinct. The chick embryo has been the experimental model of choice for many of the studies that have led to our current understanding of this process, and has presaged and informed a wide range of complementary genetic studies, in particular in the mouse. The versatility and tractability of chick embryos means that it remains an important model system for many investigators in the field. Here we will focus on the role of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling in coordinating the diversification, patterning, growth and differentiation of the vertebrate nervous system. We highlight how studies in chick led to the identification of the role Shh plays in the developing neural tube and how subsequent work, including studies in the chick and the mouse revealed details of the cell intrinsic programs controlling cell fate determination. We compare these mechanisms at different rostral-caudal positions along the neuraxis and discuss the particular experimental attributes of the chick that facilitated this work.

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Section: Shh Signaling In Anterior Regions Of the Neural Tubementioning

confidence: 99%

Sonic hedgehog in vertebrate neural tube development

Placzek

Briscoe²

2018

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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“…Whole-mount in situ hybridization and multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization were performed as described (Hauptmann and Gerster, 1994;Lauter et al, 2011). Fluorescent immunohistochemistry was performed adapting an existent protocol (Pearson et al, 2011) using primary antibodies against Otpa (made by S.R.) and acetylated Tubulin (Sigma-Aldrich).…”

Section: Probes In Situ Hybridization and Immunohistochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have elucidated important roles for Shh, BMP, Wnt, FGF and Nodal signaling in proper patterning of the posterior hypothalamus and the development of the hypothalamic progenitors Kapsimali et al, 2004;Lee et al, 2006;Manning et al, 2006;Mathieu et al, 2002;Ohyama et al, 2008;Pearson et al, 2011;Tsai et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2012). However, downstream factors that contribute to posterior hypothalamic neuronal specification are not well understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specification of posterior hypothalamic neurons requires coordinated activities of Fezf2, Otp, Sim1a and Foxb1.2

Wolf

Ryu

2013

Development

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SUMMARYThe hypothalamus is a key integrative center in the brain that consists of diverse cell types required for a variety of functions including homeostasis, reproduction, stress response, social and cognitive behavior. Despite our knowledge of several transcription factors crucial for hypothalamic development, it is not known how the wide diversity of neuron types in the hypothalamus is produced. In particular, almost nothing is known about the mechanisms that specify neurons in the posteriormost part of the hypothalamus, the mammillary area. Here, we investigated the specification of two distinct neuron types in the mammillary area that produce the hypothalamic hormones Vasoactive intestinal peptide (Vip) and Urotensin 1 (Uts1). We show that Vip-and Uts1-positive neurons develop in distinct domains in the mammillary area defined by the differential expression of the transcription factors Fezf2, Otp, Sim1a and Foxb1.2. Coordinated activities of these factors are crucial for the establishment of the mammillary area subdomains and the specification of Vip-and Uts1-positive neurons. In addition, Fezf2 is important for early development of the posterior hypothalamus. Thus, our study provides the first molecular anatomical map of the posterior hypothalamus in zebrafish and identifies, for the first time, molecular requirements underlying the specification of distinct posterior hypothalamic neuron types.

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“…In particular, they permit one to segregate neurons from other cell types in the hypothalamus and to determine whether the effects of prenatal fat are specifically occurring in neurons. With a limited number of prenatal exposure studies adapted into culture (19,27,33,45), it is important to develop and characterize a cell culture model that accurately reflects the same functioning that occurs in vivo. The objective of the present study is to use a cell culture model to determine if HFD-induced changes can be demonstrated in developing embryonic hypothalamus and also whether these changes occur specifically in neurons.…”

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confidence: 99%

Developmental changes in embryonic hypothalamic neurons during prenatal fat exposure

Poon

Barson

Fagan

et al. 2012

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Maternal consumption of a fat-rich diet during pregnancy, which causes later overeating and weight gain in offspring, has been shown to stimulate neurogenesis and increase hypothalamic expression of orexigenic neuropeptides in these postnatal offspring. The studies here, using an in vitro model that mimics in vivo characteristics after prenatal high-fat diet (HFD) exposure, investigate whether these same peptide changes occur in embryos and if they are specific to neurons. Isolated hypothalamic neurons were compared with whole hypothalamus from embryonic day 19 (E19) embryos that were prenatally exposed to HFD and were both found to show similar increases in mRNA expression of enkephalin (ENK) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) compared with that of chow-exposed embryos, with no change in melanin-concentrating hormone, orexin, or galanin. Further examination using immunofluorescence cytochemistry revealed an increase in the number of cells expressing ENK and NPY. By plotting the fluorescence intensity of each cell as a probability density function, three different populations of neurons with low, medium, or high levels of ENK or NPY were found in both HFD and chow groups. The prenatal HFD shifted the density of neurons from the population containing low peptide levels to the population containing high peptide levels. This study indicates that neuronal culture is a useful in vitro system for studying diet effects on neuronal development and shows that prenatal HFD exposure alters the population of hypothalamic neurons containing ENK and NPY in the embryo. These changes may contribute to the increase in HFD intake and body weight observed in offspring.

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FGF-dependent midline-derived progenitor cells in hypothalamic infundibular development

Cited by 44 publications

References 56 publications

Sonic hedgehog in vertebrate neural tube development

Sonic hedgehog in vertebrate neural tube development

Specification of posterior hypothalamic neurons requires coordinated activities of Fezf2, Otp, Sim1a and Foxb1.2

Developmental changes in embryonic hypothalamic neurons during prenatal fat exposure

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