Fetal Pulmonary Venous Return: From Basic Research to the Clinical Value of Doppler Assessment
J. Portela Dias,
L. Guedes-Martins
Abstract:The fetal pulmonary circulation represents less than 25% of the fetal cardiac output. In comparison with the pulmonary arteries, studies on pulmonary veins are few and limited, and many questions remain to be answered. The literature reports that pulmonary veins play an important role in regulating vascular flow, forming an active segment of the pulmonary circulation. The development of more sophisticated ultrasonography technology has allowed the investigation of the extraparenchymal pulmonary veins and their… Show more
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