Fetal intra‐abdominal umbilical vein varix: what is the clinical significance?

Fung, Tung; Leung, Tse Ngong; Leung, Tak Yeung; Lau, Tze Kin

doi:10.1002/uog.1815

Cited by 77 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…As Fung and his group found in their studies that intra-abdominal varix of the umbilical vein implies a higher incidence of adverse perinatal outcomes, especially the fetal complications like anemia, chromosomal abnormalities, and intrauterine fetal death. [8] Cardiovascular anomalies can be seen frequently associated with trisomy 21 and 18. Other reported anomalies are trisomy 9, triploidy and mosaics like Turner syndrome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other reported anomalies are trisomy 9, triploidy and mosaics like Turner syndrome. [8] Thus, careful ultrasound cardiac examination is required. Most of the literature had reviewed intraabdominal umbilical vein dilatation, but only a few studies report cases of extra-abdominal umbilical vein varix.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[9] Moreover, there is an increase in the risk of stillbirth, fetal heart failure, thrombosis, and hydrops fetalis. [8,10] Kanenishi and his colleagues report 13 cases of extra-abdominal intra-amniotic umbilical vein varices, in which half of them were diagnosed after birth. [11] This shows how difficult it is to diagnose it before birth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extra abdominal Umbilical Vein Varix Causing Stillbirth: a Case Report

Al-Maghrabi

Contreras²,

Martinez³

2017

APALM

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Stillbirth continues to be one of the most devastating events for patients and doctors. Efforts for determining the cause of death should always be made, to prevent endangering future pregnancies and obstetric complications. A comprehensive approach that includes autopsy, placental examination and ancillary studies such as microbiology and toxicology are the best way of establishing the cause of stillbirth. Careful examination of the placenta and umbilical cord is imperative since they are associated with common causes of stillbirth. Here we present a case of umbilical vein varix that presented with associated complications that resulted in intrauterine fetal death.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extra abdominal Umbilical Vein Varix Causing Stillbirth: a Case Report

Al-Maghrabi

Contreras²,

Martinez³

2017

APALM

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,3 In recent publi cations including a larger number of isolated forms of FIUVV, neonatal morbidity and mortality appear to be lower than which was known to be, leading to a re evaluation of the obstetric care. 3,6 Intraamniotic umbilical vein aneurysm is extre mely rare, and complications that threaten fetal well being such as compression and kinking of the umbilical cord, aneurysm rupture, and thrombosis inside the aneurysm, are reported in most of the cases.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Huge Umbilical Vein Aneurysm: Case Report and a Brief Review of Literatures Describing Umbilical Vessel Aneurysm

et al. 2014

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증 례 morbidity generated by prematurity. 2,3 In recent publi cations including a larger number of isolated forms of FIUVV, neonatal morbidity and mortality appear to be lower than which was known to be, leading to a re evaluation of the obstetric care. An umbilical vein aneurysm is rare, but appears to be associated with fetal morbidity and mortality. There are no specific guidelines for pregnancy with umbilical vein aneurysm and the management is substantially up to the clinician. We report a case of intra-amniotic umbilical vein aneurysm diagnosed at 35 gestational weeks by ultrasound. Because the aneurysm was growing rapidly, prompt cesarean delivery was conducted. After delivery, a huge fusiform umbilical cord was noted, which was confirmed to be umbilical vein aneurysm by pathological examination. We also reviewed previous reported cases and summarized the management strategies of prenatally detected umbilical vein aneurysms. In addition, the umbilical vein in this case report had the largest size ever reported.

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Prenatal diagnosis of fetal intra‐abdominal umbilical vein varix: Report of 2 cases

İpek

Kurt

Tosun

et al. 2007

J of Clinical Ultrasound

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Fetal intra-abdominal umbilical vein varix (FIUVV) is a focal aneurysmal dilatation of the umbilical vein. Its clinical importance has not yet been clearly established, but it has been reported to be associated with increased fetal death rate (in nearly 44% of cases) and chromosomal abnormalities (in 12% of cases). We report 2 cases of FIUVV diagnosed via sonography in the third trimester. 1,2 With the development of sonography and Doppler sonography, diagnosis has become easier than in the past.The clinical importance of FIUVV has not yet been clearly established, but it has been reported to be associated with increased fetal death rate (in nearly 44% of cases) and chromosomal abnormalities (in 12% of cases).1-3 We report 2 cases of FIUVV diagnosed via sonography in the third trimester. CASE REPORTS Case 1A 31-year-old healthy woman, gravida 2, para 1, was referred to our radiology department for sonographic examination. Her first pregnancy was normal. A second-trimester sonographic examination at another institution was unremarkable. The examination was performed with a Voluson 730 Expert (GE Medical Systems, Milwaukee, WI) equipped with a 2-5-MHz curved-array probe. A normal intrauterine fetus of nearly 29 weeks' gestational age was present according to the patient's last menstrual period and sonographic measurements. The biparietal diameter was 69 mm, the femur length was 55 mm, and the abdominal circumference was 248 mm. The estimated fetal weight was 1,300 g with normal amniotic fluid index, umbilical artery, and uterine artery pulsatility index. However, intra-abdominal umbilical vein varix with transverse diameter of 11 mm over an 18-mm segment was diagnosed near the anterior abdominal wall ( Figure 1A). Color Doppler analysis also showed turbulent flow in the varicose segment ( Figure 1B). Otherwise, the fetus was structurally normal. The patient declined chromosomal investigation. Weekly sonographic monitoring was recommended, but the patient did not return for follow-up examinations. She delivered a healthy girl weighing 2,600 g via cesarean section peformed at 35 gestational weeks at another institution. Case 2A 29-year-old woman, gravida 1, para 0, was referred for sonographic examination at approximately 36 weeks' gestation according to her last menstrual period and sonographic measurements. The patient had a second-trimester examination at another institution that was reportedly

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Fetal intra‐abdominal umbilical vein varix: what is the clinical significance?

Cited by 77 publications

References 20 publications

Extra abdominal Umbilical Vein Varix Causing Stillbirth: a Case Report

Extra abdominal Umbilical Vein Varix Causing Stillbirth: a Case Report

A Huge Umbilical Vein Aneurysm: Case Report and a Brief Review of Literatures Describing Umbilical Vessel Aneurysm

Prenatal diagnosis of fetal intra‐abdominal umbilical vein varix: Report of 2 cases

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