Fetal Hydrops

Nagy, Anita; Malcomson, Roger D. G.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-19207-9_12

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Another pup presented signs of cardiac failure at 2 days of age (cardiomegaly and hepatomegaly possibly related to a cardiovascular malformation. Two pups presented anasarca, hydrothorax and ascites, all lesions compatible with fetal hydrops 37 . Microphtalmia was also observed in one pup.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Causes of death in newborn C57BL/6J mice

Capas-Peneda

Morello

Lamas

et al. 2020

Preprint

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22Neonatal mortality in wild-type laboratory mice is an overlooked welfare and financial 23 problem in animal facilities around the world. Causes of death are often not reported 24 and its causes remain unknown. 25 In this study, 324 newborn pups from two breeding colonies of healthy wildtype 26 C57BL/6 mice underwent post-mortem analysis with special focus on obtaining proof 27 of life after birth, evaluation of stomach contents and observation of congenital 28 abnormalities that could compromise survival. 29 Based on a combination of lung morphology findings, outcome of lung float test, 30 stomach contents and brown adipose tissue colouration, 21.6% of the pups found 31 dead were considered stillbirths. Of the livebirths, only 3.2% were observed to have 32 milk inside the stomach, indicating successful suckling. Congenital abnormalities were 33 diagnosed only in a small fraction of the pups analysed. These results suggest that 34 starvation was the most common cause of death, followed by stillbirth. 35 Keywords 36Neonatal mortality, Mouse, causes of death, C57BL/6J 37 High rates of pre-weaning mortality in laboratory mice are a widespread issue among 38 animal facilities worldwide. This represents a major welfare problem 33 , a significant 39 financial burden through lowered productivity and has an impact on the 3Rs by 40 increasing the number of animals needed and used for breeding. 41Rates of perinatal mortality are reported as higher in inbred strains, especially in 42 C57BL/6 mice, where they can reach 50% 19 . Attention to morbidity and mortality in 43 newborn mice occurs primarily in the context of phenotyping genetically modified 44 mice 2, 29, 45 . In contrast, knowledge about causes of neonatal death in breeding 45 colonies of healthy wildtype mice is limited and currently there are no agreed published 46 guidelines or strategies to address this issue. 47 Mice are an altricial species and pups are dependent on parental care within a 48 maternal nest during the first phase of their lives. The pups are born helpless, relatively 49 immobile, blind, hairless, capable of suckling but not able to otherwise fend for 50 themselves. They possess a very limited ability to produce heat by non-shivering 51 thermogenesis using brown adipose tissue (BAT) 6, 18 . Consequently, major causes of 52 neonatal mortality and low viability could be related to failures of parental care, such 53 as predation, starvation and hypothermia in addition to birthing accidents, congenital 54 defects and infectious processes.55Wild mice are communal nesters and females often share duties in the care for the 56 young 49 . This characteristic is maintained in laboratory mice and is often exploited by 57 housing mice in breeding trios, which allows for increases in the number of pups per 58 cage 47 and individual pup growth 15, 16 . However, this social conformation is more prone 59 to litter overlap 3 , the existence of a previous litter inside the cage, which is associated 60 with higher neonatal mortality 3 . 61There is a ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Causes of death in newborn C57BL/6J mice

Capas-Peneda

Morello

Lamas

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The various causes include cardiovascular, genitourinary, thoracic lesions, chromosomal aberrations, infections, haematological, genetic/metabolic, placental and idiopathic. 3 Initial diagnosis of hydrops foetalis is usually made by ultrasound. In most of the cases, an accurate and complete antenatal imaging also points to the cause behind the development of hydrops.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonimmune hydrops foetalis (NIHF): value of fetal autopsy and comparison with ultrasound findings

Umamaheswari

Ramya

Chaitra

2018

Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol

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Background: Nonimmune hydrops foetalis (NIHF) is a terminal catastrophic event of pregnancy caused by numerous diverse etiology. The aim of this study was to assess the significance of foetal autopsy and to compare the prenatal ultrasound (USG) and foetal autopsy findings in cases of NIHF.Methods: All perinatal autopsies performed at the department of pathology between March 2011-February 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Of the received 130 autopsies, twenty cases of NIHF were identified, records of which were collected and correlated with maternal medical history, prenatal imaging and autopsy findings.Results: The malformations with hydrops foetalis were classified according to the involved organ system. They were cardiothoracic (7/20 cases), genitourinary (3/20 cases), gastrointestinal lesions (1/20 cases), chromosomal (4/20 cases) and multisystem anomaly/syndromic association (5/20 cases). Complete agreement between USG and autopsy was seen in 8 (40%) cases. In 5 (25%) cases autopsy findings were in total disagreement with USG diagnosis. The rest of the 7 (35%) cases, autopsy revealed additional information and changed the recurrence risk in two cases.Conclusions: Present study demonstrates the high rate of discordancy between USG and autopsy examination in cases complicated by NIHF. Foetal autopsy confirms the USG findings (quality control/audit), adds additional findings or changes the final diagnosis, which helps in redefining the recurrence risk and plausible genetic counselling for future pregnancies. Hence present study underscores the need for autopsy in all cases of NIHF.

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Fetal Hydrops

Cited by 2 publications

References 237 publications

Causes of death in newborn C57BL/6J mice

Causes of death in newborn C57BL/6J mice

Nonimmune hydrops foetalis (NIHF): value of fetal autopsy and comparison with ultrasound findings

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