Fetal Growth and Insulin Resistance in Adult Life: Role of Plasma Triglyceride and Non‐esterified Fatty Acids

Phillips, David I. W.; McLeish, R.; Osmond, Clive; Hales, C. N.

doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.1995.tb02082.x

Cited by 29 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Some 3,4,7 but not all 5,11,14 previous studies that have examined the relationship between birth weight and waist -hip ratio have found a small inverse association after adjustment for current body size. Law et al 3 interpreted this association as evidence of a link between fetal growth and abdominal fatness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Birth weight, childhood growth and abdominal obesity in adult life

Kuh

Hardy

Chaturvedi³

et al. 2002

Int J Obes

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OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship of adult abdominal obesity to birth weight, childhood growth and lifetime socioeconomic circumstances. METHODS: A cohort of 3200 men and women with measured waist and hip circumference, height and weight at age 43 who have been followed since their birth in March 1946 in England, Scotland and Wales. Regression models were used to examine mean waist -hip ratio and waist circumference in relation to prospective measures of birth weight, weight relative to height in childhood at ages 4, 7, 11 and 15 and adult body mass index, and to test the independent and interactive nature of the associations and adjust for childhood and adult social class. RESULTS: There was a small inverse effect of birth weight on waist -hip ratio (P ¼ 0.037) but not waist circumference in women, after adjustment for current body size. Relative weight at age 7 was inversely related to waist -hip ratio and waist circumference in men (P < 0.001 for both) and waist circumference in women (P ¼ 0.007) after adjustment for current body size. These relationships were attenuated in men of large body mass index (P < 0.01 for interactions between relative weight at 7 y and body mass index in both cases) but were not modified by birth weight. Relative weights at other ages showed similar patterns to those observed at age 7, the effect being weakest at age 4. These findings were independent of lifetime socioeconomic circumstances. CONCLUSION: This study found a small prenatal inverse effect of fetal growth on adult waist -hip ratio due to a reduced hip size. There was also an inverse postnatal effect of childhood growth such that for any given adult body size those who had been lighter in childhood were more at risk of abdominal obesity. These relationships were independent of childhood socioeconomic circumstances and support the idea that insulin resistance may be linked to low weight in childhood.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Birth weight, childhood growth and abdominal obesity in adult life

Kuh

Hardy

Chaturvedi³

et al. 2002

Int J Obes

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“…Furthermore, also it has been reported that conditions that modify insulin concentration during fetal life could alter the normal development of endocrine system, predisposing to insulin resistance in adult life [16,17]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Birth-weight, insulin levels, and HOMA-IR in newborns at term

et al. 2012

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BackgroundRecent studies have demonstrated that low and high birth-weight at birth are risk factors of developing diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine if the abnormal birth-weight is related with hyperinsulinemia and elevated index of the Homeostasis Model assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) at birth, in at term newborns.MethodsNewborns with gestational age between 38 and 41 weeks, products of normal pregnancies of healthy mothers aged 18 to 39 years, were eligible to participate. Small-for-gestational age (SGA) and large-for-gestational age (LGA) newborns were compared with appropriate-for-gestational (AGA) age newborns. Incomplete or unclear data about mother’s health status, diabetes, gestational diabetes, history of gestational diabetes, hypertension, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, and other conditions that affect glucose metabolism were exclusion criteria. Hyperinsulinemia was defined by serum insulin levels ≥13.0 μU/mL and IR by HOMA-IR ≥2.60. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the odds ratio (OR) that computes the association between birth-weight (independent variable) with hyperinsulinemia and HOMA-IR index (dependent variables).ResultsA total of 107 newborns were enrolled; 13, 22, and 72 with SGA, LGA, and AGA, respectively. Hyperinsulinemia was identified in 2 (15.4%), 6 (27.3%), and 5 (6.9%) with SGA, LGA, and AGA (p=0.03), whereas IR in 3 (23.1%), 8 (36.4%), and 10 (13.9%) newborns with SGA, LGA and AGA (p=0.06). The LGA showed a strong association with hyperinsulinemia (OR 5.02; CI 95%, 1.15-22.3; p=0.01) and HOMA-IR (OR 3.54; CI 95%, 1.03-12.16; p=0.02); although without statistical significance, the SGA showed a tendency of association with hyperinsulinemia (OR 2.43; CI 95%, 0.43-17.3 p=0.29) and HOMA-IR (OR 1.86; CI 95%, 0.33-9.37; p=0.41).ConclusionsOur results suggest that LGA is associated with hyperinsulinemia and elevated HOMA-IR at birth whereas the SGA show a tendency of association.

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“…An association with only one of the we failed to observe associations between birth weight and NEFA suppression during an OGTT or between birth established features without an association with insulin resistance would lessen the strength of inference that a weight and fasting NEFA concentrations. 30 Although increased central adiposity has previously been linked variable should be included as a novel feature of the syndrome. In conclusion, we suggest that insulin with low birth weight in both men and women 31 our result needs repeating in a larger study.…”

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confidence: 99%

Is an exaggerated postprandial triglyceride response associated with the component features of the insulin resistance syndrome?

et al. 1997

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To investigate whether individual component features of the insulin resistance syndrome were associated with the postprandial triglyceride response, 57 healthy Caucasian men between 57 and 70 years of age underwent a fat tolerance test lasting 8 h. Fasting triglyceride concentrations were associated with the total unfractionated postprandial triglyceride response (rs= 0.54, p<0.001) and the triglyceride‐rich lipoprotein (TGRLP) fraction (d<1.006) at 8 h was associated with the maximum non‐esterified fatty acid concentration (NEFA) (rs = 0.33 p = 0.01). Measures of obesity (BMI and WHR) were not associated with the postprandial triglyceride response but were inversely related to NEFA suppression (NEFA nadir and BMI, rs = 0.31, p = 0.02; and NEFA nadir and WHR, rs = 0.36, p = 0.006). Other component features of the IRS, including glucose tolerance and two proxy measures of insulin resistance (fasting insulin concentration and HOMA measurement) were not associated with the postprandial triglyceride response despite being strongly associated with fasting triglyceride concentration. Current smoking habit, chronic alcohol consumption and birth weight were also not associated with an altered postprandial triglyceride response. In conclusion these results show that although component features of the IRS were associated with increased fasting triglyceride concentrations many of these features, including two proxy measures of insulin sensitivity were not associated with an exaggerated postprandial triglyceride response. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Fetal Growth and Insulin Resistance in Adult Life: Role of Plasma Triglyceride and Non‐esterified Fatty Acids

Cited by 29 publications

References 28 publications

Birth weight, childhood growth and abdominal obesity in adult life

Birth weight, childhood growth and abdominal obesity in adult life

Birth-weight, insulin levels, and HOMA-IR in newborns at term

Is an exaggerated postprandial triglyceride response associated with the component features of the insulin resistance syndrome?

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