Fetal effects of primary and secondary cytomegalovirus infection in pregnancy

Ornoy, Asher; Diav–Citrin, Orna

doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2005.02.002

Cited by 205 publications

(188 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…1 Maternal primary infection seems to represent a higher risk for transmission and seriousness of fetal infection, but congenital infection and fetal disability can also occur following nonprimary maternal infection (reactivation or reinfection). [3][4][5][6][7][8] Despite numerous publications in the past years, large descriptive and epidemiological cohorts are still needed to improve knowledge and management of CMV infection during pregnancy. The objectives of our study were to estimate the vertical transmission rate and fetal outcome following primary maternal CMV infection around conception and during pregnancy, in order to improve screening and management strategies for maternal and congenital CMV infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A series of 238 cytomegalovirus primary infections during pregnancy: description and outcome

et al. 2013

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Objective To analyze the outcome of maternal primary cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection.Methods Retrospective analysis of a cohort of 238 patients with maternal primary CMV infection detected at routine screening. The cases were managed with serial ultrasound (US) scans, and amniocentesis was performed in 36.1% of cases. All prenatal results were confirmed at birth. ResultsThe average age was 31.9 (18-44) years. Patients were symptomatic in 21% of cases. The rate of intrauterine transmission was 24.9%, and it was 8.8%, 19%, 30.6%, 34.1% and 40% in the preconceptional period, the periconceptional period, and the first, second and third trimesters of pregnancy, respectively (p = 0.025). There was a significantly higher risk of US abnormalities when maternal infection occurred during the preconceptional or periconceptional period and the first trimester compared with later (p < 0.001). Because of US abnormalities, pregnancy was terminated in 18 cases at the parents' request. Three infected newborns were symptomatic; all three cases were suspected at US before birth. We did not observe any symptomatic fetal infection when maternal infection occurred after 14 weeks of gestation. A number of clinically asymptomatic cases (5.5%) developed hearing loss. ConclusionThe rate of materno fetal transmission is linearly correlated to the gestational age at infection. No severe case of congenital infection was observed if maternal infection occurred after 14 weeks of gestation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A series of 238 cytomegalovirus primary infections during pregnancy: description and outcome

et al. 2013

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“…Excretion of viral particles in many body fluids, including urine and saliva, among others, is responsible for HCMV spreading which results in 40 % seropositive adults in developed countries. The incidence of infection in developing countries is even higher, where almost 100 % of the population has been infected by adulthood (Wynn and Khanna 2006;Ornoy 2007;Noyola et al 2010). Congenital infection by HCMV has an incidence between 0.8 and 2.6 % worldwide, and this infection is the most frequent cause for developmental brain disorders, including mental retardation and hearing loss.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of cytomegalovirus infection in human neural precursor cells depend on their differentiation state

et al. 2015

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Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common cause of congenital infection in developed countries and a major cause of neurological disability in children. Although CMV can affect multiple organs, the most important sequelae of intrauterine infection are related to lesions of the central nervous system. However, little is known about the pathogenesis and the cellular events responsible for neuronal damage in infants with congenital infection. Some studies have demonstrated that neural precursor cells (NPCs) show the greatest susceptibility to CMV infection in the developing brain. We sought to establish an in vitro model of CMV infection of the developing brain in order to analyze the cellular events associated with invasion by this virus. To this end, we employed two cell lines as a permanent source of NPC, avoiding the continuous use of human fetal tissue, the human SK-N-MC neuroblastoma cell line, and an immortalized cell line of human fetal neural origin, hNS-1. We also investigated the effect of the differentiation stage in relation to the susceptibility of these cell lines by comparing the neuroblastoma cell line with the multipotent cell line hNS-1. We found that the effects of the virus were more severe in the neuroblastoma cell line. Additionally, we induced hNS-1 to differentiate and evaluated the effect of CMV in these differentiated cells. Like SK-N-MC cells, hNS-1-differentiated cells were also susceptible to infection. Viability of differentiated hNS-1 cells decreased after CMV infection in contrast to undifferentiated cells. In addition, differentiated hNS-1 cells showed an extensive cytopathic effect whereas the effect was scarce in undifferentiated cells. We describe some of the effects of CMV in neural stem cells, and our observations suggest that the degree of differentiation is important in the acquisition of susceptibility.

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“…Some of the health problems in the neonate associated with intrauterine infection with CMV include chorioretinitis, intrauterine growth restriction, and sensorineural hearing loss and vision impairment (Ornoy and Diav-Citrin, 2006). The rate of newborn infection with T. gondii is estimated to be one per 10,000 live births (Jara et al, 2001;Bale, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A pilot study using residual newborn dried blood spots to assess the potential role of cytomegalovirus and Toxoplasma gondii in the etiology of congenital hydrocephalus

Simeone

Rasmussen

Mei

et al. 2013

Birth Defects Research

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BACKGROUND-Congenital hydrocephalus is a condition characterized by accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain. Prenatal infections are risk factors for some birth defects. This pilot study investigated whether residual dried blood spots (DBS) could be used to assess infections as risk factors for birth defects by examining the associations between prenatal infection with Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) or cytomegalovirus (CMV) with congenital hydrocephalus.

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Fetal effects of primary and secondary cytomegalovirus infection in pregnancy

Cited by 205 publications

References 81 publications

A series of 238 cytomegalovirus primary infections during pregnancy: description and outcome

A series of 238 cytomegalovirus primary infections during pregnancy: description and outcome

Effects of cytomegalovirus infection in human neural precursor cells depend on their differentiation state

A pilot study using residual newborn dried blood spots to assess the potential role of cytomegalovirus and Toxoplasma gondii in the etiology of congenital hydrocephalus

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