Fetal bile acid metabolism during infancy: Analysis of 1β-hydroxylated bile acids in urine, meconium and feces

Abstract

Fetal bile acids (1 beta-hydroxylated, 6 alpha-hydroxylated and unsaturated bile acids), especially 1 beta, 3 alpha,7 alpha, 12 alpha-tetrahydroxy-5 beta-cholan-24-oic acid (CA-1 beta-ol), have been detected in urine and feces early in life. To investigate whether a fetal pathway of bile acid synthesis exists in infancy, we measured the concentrations of bile acids in the urine, meconium and feces from normal newborns and infants by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The mean ratio of total bile acids to creatinine in urine increased between birth and 7 days and then gradually decreased; however, the concentration of total bile acids in urine remained significantly higher than that in adult urine until 3 mo of age. The main urinary bile acid was CA-1 beta-ol, and substantial amounts of fetal bile acids were detected in urine until 3 mo of age. The ratio of cholic acid to chenodeoxycholic acid was abnormally low in meconium (mean, 0.44; range, 0.19 to 0.74), and hyocholic acid constituted 19.3% of total bile acids. The mean total bile acid content of feces decreased between birth and 7 days of age and thereafter increased. The mean percentage of fetal bile acids in feces decreased after birth, but substantial amounts were present in feces until 1 mo of age.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Prognostic roles of tetrahydroxy bile acids in infantile intrahepatic cholestasis

“…The detection of THBAs has been reported in healthy neonates. However, data is scarce regarding THBAs in cholestasis patients (14)(15)(16). In the present study, we examined BA profiles in infantile cholestasis patients, with a focus on the roles of THBAs in relation to the disease entity and patient outcomes.…”

Measurement of Transport Activities of Bile Acids in Human Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 3 Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

“…[10][11][12][13]19 In addition, monohydroxy bile acids, such as 3β-hydroxy-5-cholenoic acid exist mainly as 3-sulfated forms of glycine-and taurine-conjugates. 17,18 In the present study, glycine-and taurine-conjugated bile acids and bile acid 3-sulfates ( Fig.…”

“…[10][11][12][13] Unsaturated bile acids have been found in biological fluids of patients with severe liver disease. [14][15][16][17][18][19] The transport of these bile acids by hMRP3 may be affected, since their structures and physical properties are significantly different from those of the common bile acids that are present in biological fluids in humans.…”

Clinical Course Following Partial External Biliary Diversion for Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis 1: A Report of Two Patients

“…This increase also occurs during cholestasis resulting from biliary atresia. In the urine of infants with biliary atresia, the proportion of 1β-hydroxylated bile acids among TBA increases as cholestasis persists [8,16] . However, as liver function deteriorates, the proportion of 1β-hydroxylated bile acids is reduced while the proportion of ketonic bile acids increases [17] .…”