1995
DOI: 10.1016/s0882-5963(05)80047-8
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Fetal alcohol syndrome from infancy through childhood: A review of the literature

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Cited by 10 publications
(11 citation statements)
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“…A number of studies have found poor pregnancy and neonatal outcomes among women who used alcohol or illegal drugs during pregnancy, [1][2][3][4] and the long-term impact of prenatal alcohol or illicit drug exposure on the development and behavior of the exposed child [5][6][7][8] is now being documented. However, despite the concern over the consequences of prenatal exposure to alcohol and other drugs, substance use by the pregnant woman remains a frequently missed diagnosis.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A number of studies have found poor pregnancy and neonatal outcomes among women who used alcohol or illegal drugs during pregnancy, [1][2][3][4] and the long-term impact of prenatal alcohol or illicit drug exposure on the development and behavior of the exposed child [5][6][7][8] is now being documented. However, despite the concern over the consequences of prenatal exposure to alcohol and other drugs, substance use by the pregnant woman remains a frequently missed diagnosis.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Prenatal alcohol exposure has been studied for some 25 years, and Jones and Smith described FAS in 1973 (Wekselman, 1995). However, general interest was stimulated by the work of Michael Dorris, who wrote the book 'The Broken Cord' (1989).…”
Section: Diagnosing Fasmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) has been recognized for more than 2 decades. It is a compilation of dysmorphic features: facial features, including short palpebral fissures, epicanthal folds, broad nasal bridge, flattened midfacies, short upturned or beak-like nose, thin upper lip or vermilion border, smooth philtrum, micrognathia, and hypoplastic maxilla; microcephaly; abnormal palmar creases; growth retardation, both intrauterine and failure to catch up after birth; and central nervous system involvement exhibited as cognitive impairment, learning disabilities, and impulsivity (Streissguth, Clarren, & Jones, 1985;Wekselman, Spiering, Hetteberg, Kenner, & Flandermeyer, 1995) (see Figure 1). Fetal alcohol syndrome is diagnosed if three classic criteria are found: positive facial dysmorphic characteristics, neurodevelopmental dysfunction, and prenatal and postnatal growth retardation.…”
Section: Fetal Alcohol Syndromementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Accurately predicting the children who will be born with full-blown FAS and those who will have absolutely no effects is difficult. One woman may drink throughout a pregnancy and have a health infant, whereas another woman may drink 1 or 2 drinks and have no other risk factors yet have an infant with fullblown FAS (Flandermeyer, 1993;Wekselman et al, 1995). So when there has been in utero exposure, what are the long-term effects?…”
Section: Fetal Alcohol Syndromementioning
confidence: 99%