Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) – What we know and what we should know – The knowledge of German health professionals and parents

Landgraf, Mirjam N.; Albers, Lucia; Rahmsdorf, Birte; Vill, Katharina; Gerstl, Lucia; Lippert, Michaela; Heinen, Florian

doi:10.1016/j.ejpn.2018.02.010

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The reduced memory function affects the short- and long-term memory and is linked to slower information processing and a reduced learning capacity [ 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Further performance deviations relate to language abilities, fine motor skills, spatial-visual perception, executive functions, arithmetic skills, awareness, and social skills [ 14 , 15 ]. Current research based on ethanol metabolites in the meconium found that even small amounts of these metabolites significantly influence cognitive development in childhood and adolescence [ 16 , 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and the Facial Phenotype in Adolescents: A Study Based on Meconium Ethyl Glucuronide

et al. 2021

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Here, we explore the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) in adolescence. We investigated associations between meconium ethyl glucoronide (EtG) and facial malformation. For 129 children (66/63 male/female; M = 13.3, SD = 0.32, 12–14 years), PAE was implemented by newborn meconium EtG and maternal self-reports during the third trimester. Cognitive development was operationalized by standardized scores (WISC V). The EtG cut-off values were set at ≥10 ng/g (n = 32, 24.8% EtG10+) and ≥112 ng/g (n = 20, 15.5% EtG112+). The craniofacial shape was measured using FAS Facial Photographic Analysis Software. EtG10+− and EtG112+-affected children exhibited a shorter palpebral fissure length (p = 0.031/p = 0.055). Lip circularity was smaller in EtG112+-affected children (p = 0.026). Maternal self-reports were not associated (p > 0.164). Lip circularity correlated with fluid reasoning (EtG10+ p = 0.031; EtG112+ p = 0.298) and working memory (EtG10+ p = 0.084; EtG112+ p = 0.144). The present study demonstrates visible effects of the facial phenotype in exposed adolescents. Facial malformation was associated with a child’s cognitive performance in the alcohol-exposed group. The EtG biomarker was a better predictor than maternal self-reports.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and the Facial Phenotype in Adolescents: A Study Based on Meconium Ethyl Glucuronide

et al. 2021

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“…The survey section that measured knowledge regarding the consequences of alcohol consumption during pregnancy and its dangers was developed for this study (see supplemental material) based on three questionnaires previously used to explore knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to FASD across groups of professionals and health services providers [6,26,27]. Because participants in the current research were pregnant women without professional knowledge, adaptations were made to those questionnaires' content and wording.…”

Section: Procedures and Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnant Women’s Knowledge About Alcohol Consumption During Pregnancy and its Consequences: An Israeli Survey

Hen‐Herbst¹,

Senecky²,

Tenenbaum³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background. Alcohol consumption can negatively affect fetal development, resulting in a range of mental and physical disabilities clinically termed fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). Despite suspected rates of maternal drinking during pregnancy, the documented number of children diagnosed with FASD in Israel is extremely low. The aim of this study was to investigate alcohol-consumption behavior and knowledge about the consequences of such consumption among pregnant Israeli women.Methods. A sample of 802 pregnant women completed an anonymous online survey related to their backgrounds, recommendations and education on alcohol consumption during pregnancy, general knowledge regarding the consequences of alcohol consumption during pregnancy and FASD, and alcohol they consumed (frequency and amount) 2 mo prior to conception and during pregnancy. Descriptive statistics included means, standard deviations, ranges, and frequencies. Associations between demographic characteristics and alcohol consumption were assessed using chi-square tests, independent sample t tests, one-way analyses of variances, and Spearman correlations. Results. Of the 802 women sampled, 539 (67.2%) reported drinking alcohol in the 2 mo prior to learning they were pregnant, 96 (12%) reported drinking alcohol during their current pregnancy, and 28.1% reported knowing other women who had consumed alcohol during pregnancy. Higher alcohol consumption rates before pregnancy were found among women in their first pregnancies, women with advance education, Jews, and secular women. About 40% of the sample reported they had not received any education about the dangers of consuming alcohol during pregnancy.Conclusions. A high percentage of pregnant women in Israel drank alcohol close to conception and during pregnancy. Although most of the woman ceased drinking after realizing they were pregnant, a still-worrying percentage continued consuming alcohol and had low knowledge and awareness of the plausible dangers of this behavior. Formal dissemination of information on this topic by healthcare professionals treating pregnant woman did not reach many of them. The results emphasize an urgent need for better education of both professionals and the lay public to increase awareness of the consequences of consuming alcohol during pregnancy.

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“…Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), which is a completely avoidable developmental disorder with resulting negative lifetime consequences receives far too little attention and is underestimated even by specialists across the world [1,2]. The cause of FASD is alcohol consumption during pregnancy, and although knowledge about the harmfulness of alcohol during pregnancy has spread, there still is an estimated worldwide prevalence of 7.7 per 1000, with regional differences [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tooth Malformations, DMFT Index, Speech Impairment and Oral Habits in Patients with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

Blanck-Lubarsch

Dirksen

Feldmann

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Background: Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a developmental disorder with severe negative lifetime consequences. Although knowledge about the harmfulness of alcohol consumption during pregnancy has spread, the prevalence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder is very high. Our study aims at identifying fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)-associated dental anomalies or habits, which need early attention. Methods: Sixty children (30 FAS; 30 controls) were examined prospectively. Swallowing pattern, oral habits, breastfeeding, speech therapy, ergotherapy, physiotherapy, exfoliation of teeth, DMFT (decayed, missing, filled teeth) index, modified DDE (developmental defects of enamel) index and otitis media were recorded. Results: Swallowing pattern, exfoliation of teeth, and otitis media were not significantly different. Significant differences could be found concerning mouthbreathing (p = 0.007), oral habits (p = 0.047), age at termination of habits (p = 0.009), speech treatment (p = 0.002), ergotherapy, physiotherapy, and breastfeeding (p ≤ 0.001). DMFT (p ≤ 0.001) and modified DDE (p = 0.001) index showed significantly higher values for children with fetal alcohol syndrome. Conclusions: Children with fetal alcohol syndrome have a higher need for early developmental promotion such as speech treatment, ergotherapy, and physiotherapy. Mouthbreathing, habits, and lack of breastfeeding may result in orthodontic treatment needs. High DMFT and modified DDE indexes hint at a higher treatment and prevention need in dentistry.

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Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) – What we know and what we should know – The knowledge of German health professionals and parents

Cited by 18 publications

References 18 publications

Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and the Facial Phenotype in Adolescents: A Study Based on Meconium Ethyl Glucuronide

Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and the Facial Phenotype in Adolescents: A Study Based on Meconium Ethyl Glucuronide

Pregnant Women’s Knowledge About Alcohol Consumption During Pregnancy and its Consequences: An Israeli Survey

Tooth Malformations, DMFT Index, Speech Impairment and Oral Habits in Patients with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

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