Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD): A call on mental health treatment professionals to become informed

Brown, Jerrod; Harr, Diane; Morgan, Stephen L.; Varga, Stefanie; Fenrich, Amanda

doi:10.15761/jpp.1000105

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…There is a substantial body of literature that documents the negative, lifelong effects of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. [47][48][49][50][51] Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder is caused by exposure to alcohol in utero and can have effects in many domains of the child's life including their cognitive, social, physical, and adaptive abilities. 48 Exposure to other toxins, including environmental chemicals, recreational drugs, and prescription medications, can have varied and severe effects on the child's long-term physical and mental health.…”

Section: Bioecological Theory Of Human Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[47][48][49][50][51] Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder is caused by exposure to alcohol in utero and can have effects in many domains of the child's life including their cognitive, social, physical, and adaptive abilities. 48 Exposure to other toxins, including environmental chemicals, recreational drugs, and prescription medications, can have varied and severe effects on the child's long-term physical and mental health. 46,[52][53][54][55] These toxins inhibit the brain's development by affecting both the health of individual brain cells and their functions.…”

Section: And the Oismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Promoting Protective Factors in Environments of Risk for Young Children: An Organizing Framework for Practice, Policy, and Research

Fallon

Filippelli

Joh-Carnella

et al. 2018

Gender and the Genome

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Early childhood is an important developmental period, which lays the foundation for future learning, behaviour, physical and mental health and gene expression. The most vulnerable children in society are often referred to and receive services from the child welfare system because of a concern of abuse and neglect and/or a poor developmental trajectory. This paper presents an organizing framework for how the child welfare system, in concert with allied partners, can support interventions for young children and families by acknowledging its crucial role in improving their development and well-being. The framework is informed by research amassed from numerous disciplines, including child welfare, development, neuroscience, neurobiology and epigenetics. Although the notions of protection and well-being are central considerations in child welfare legislation in Ontario, Canada, the operationalization of wellbeing has proven challenging in child welfare practice, policy and research. The framework proposes ten key indicators and priorities for identifying and promoting optimal child development. Findings from the 2013 cycle of the Ontario Incidence Study of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect (OIS-2013), the only provincial source of aggregated child welfare investigation data, are presented to articulate the divide between the environmental context of a population of at-risk children and the conditions that both protect children and increase the likelihood that they will thrive in adulthood. This paper argues there are different points of entry and intervention across sectors and provides a foundation for further discussion on how to promote well-being for society's most vulnerable children.

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Section: Bioecological Theory Of Human Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: And the Oismentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting Protective Factors in Environments of Risk for Young Children: An Organizing Framework for Practice, Policy, and Research

Fallon

Filippelli

Joh-Carnella

et al. 2018

Gender and the Genome

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…(Lange et al., 2017) FASD is a diagnostic term used to describe significant neurodevelopmental impairments in people caused specifically by PAE, which may or may not include dysmorphic facial features (J. Brown et al., 2018; Cook et al., 2016; Lange et al., 2017; Manning & Eugene Hoyme, 2007). It should be noted that only about 10% of those with FASD demonstrate the specific facial features associated with PAE, and those features are often less prominent as the person ages, resulting in the disorders often being referred to as “invisible” disabilities (Chasnoff et al., 2010; McLachlan, Flannigan, Temple, Unsworth, & Cook, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder and confabulation in psycholegal settings: A beginner’s guide for criminal justice, forensic mental health, and legal interviewers

Brown

Jonason

Asp

et al. 2021

Behavioral Sci & The Law

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Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are neurodevelopmental/neurobehavioral conditions caused by prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE). Impairments caused by PAE contribute to the over‐representation of individuals with FASD in the United States juvenile and adult criminal justice systems. These same impairments can equally impact on individuals with FASD who are witnesses to or victims of crime who also have to navigate the complexities of the criminal justice system. Difficulties include increased susceptibility to confabulation throughout the legal process that, in turn, can contribute to increased rates of poor outcomes including false confessions and wrongful convictions. Individuals with FASD are particularity at risk of confabulation when they are subjected to tactics, such as stressful and anxiety‐provoking situations, threats, and leading, suggestive, or coercive questioning. Many professionals in the forensic context are unfamiliar with FASD or related confabulation risk and may unintentionally utilize tactics that intensify impacts of pre‐existing impairment. This article serves as a beginner’s guide for professionals working in criminal justice settings by (a) providing research‐based overviews of FASD and confabulation, (b) describing how FASD may lead to confabulation, and (c) suggesting ways that professionals can modify protocols when interacting with individuals with FASD. Suggestions in this article hold the potential to decrease the risk of confabulation in the criminal justice system and decrease problematic outcomes, such as false confessions and wrongful convictions among individuals with FASD.

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“…(Bartholow, 2012; Brown et al., 2012; Kodituwakku & Kodituwakku, 2014; Rasmussen, 2005; Rogers et al., 2013; Ware et al., 2012, as cited in Brown et al., 2016). Additionally, children with FASD often have memory deficits, contributing to diminished capacity to learn from prior mistakes (Brown et al., 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) and youth firesetting: A call on criminal justice, emergency responder, and fire prevention specialists to become informed

Brown

Spiller²,

Carter

et al. 2021

Behavioral Sci & The Law

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Central nervous system damage resulting from prenatal exposure to alcohol, often referred to as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), commonly manifests as lacking cognitive functioning, problem solving, impulsivity, memory, executive functioning, and social skill deficits. For individuals with FASD, these brain‐based deficits translate into impulsive behaviors and poorly thought‐out decision‐making, coupled with an inability to anticipate and recognize the sometimes very severe consequences of their behaviors. Not unexpectedly, individuals with FASD frequently find themselves disproportionately involved in the criminal justice system and mental health services. For some individuals with FASD, these behaviors can also include firesetting. First responders, like other health and legal professionals, are often unable to recognize the behavioral indicators of FASD, primarily due to a lack of training. As a result, firesetting behaviors are often attributed to deliberate, willful acts of delinquency, a desire to damage property, thrill seeking, or as attempts for personal gain, rather than being viewed as maladaptive attempts to solve problems by individuals who lack the tools to do this in more appropriate ways. These same skill deficits also present when individuals with FASD are interviewed about their involvement in such behaviors, sometimes resulting in confabulation, suggestibility, and false confessions. Further education and training in FASD are vital for first responders if they are to better support individuals with FASD and minimize their chances of becoming involved in firesetting behaviors. Furthermore, this training and education will help ensure that first responders can intervene in more appropriately when crisis situations do occur. This article will outline key behavioral symptoms of FASD as well as provide first responders with suggestions as to how to best support individuals when FASD is suspected. The brief quote that follows highlights some of the key challenges facing individuals with FASD and how poor decision‐making and impulsiveness can result in severe consequences for the individual and those around them.

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Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD): A call on mental health treatment professionals to become informed

Cited by 9 publications

References 21 publications

Promoting Protective Factors in Environments of Risk for Young Children: An Organizing Framework for Practice, Policy, and Research

Promoting Protective Factors in Environments of Risk for Young Children: An Organizing Framework for Practice, Policy, and Research

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder and confabulation in psycholegal settings: A beginner’s guide for criminal justice, forensic mental health, and legal interviewers

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) and youth firesetting: A call on criminal justice, emergency responder, and fire prevention specialists to become informed

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