Fetal Abdominal Cystic Masses

Abstract

Objectives To assess the diagnostic accuracy of prenatal ultrasound in detecting intra‐abdominal masses derived from different systems. Methods Fetuses diagnosed with abdominal cystic masses during prenatal ultrasound were included in this study. The basic biological parameters of the fetus were measured in addition to the location of the cystic mass, the shape and size of the mass, the thickness of the cystic wall, dynamic changes, blood supply of the mass, and relationship with the surrounding organs. Whether the fetus also had other malformations was also recorded. Clinical data were followed up to 6 months after birth. Results Between January 1, 2019 and January 1, 2021, 247 fetuses were included, most of which contained renal/adrenal cystic masses (n = 93, 37.7%), followed by hepatobiliary system (n = 48, 19.4%), gastrointestinal tract (n = 45, 18.2%), reproductive system (n = 29, 11.7%), and ureter and bladder (n = 27, 10.9%) masses, respectively. The minority were masses in other systems (n = 5, 2.0%). The overall prenatal diagnostic accuracy was 90.7%. There were significant differences in each system (χ2 = 13.0, P < .05). The most accurate type of cyst was diagnosed from renal and adrenal (96.8%) cases, followed by ureter and bladder (92.6%) cases, gastrointestinal tract (91.1%), hepatobiliary system (85.4%), and reproductive system (82.8%). Other systems (60.0%) were the least accurate type. Conclusions A wide variety of cystic masses can be accurately detected in the fetal abdomen, and most of these lesions can be accurately diagnosed during pregnancy.

Electrocatalytic Multicomponent Transformation of Aldehyde, 5‐Amino‐3‐methyl‐1‐phenylpyrazole and Dimedone: An Efficient Protocol for Substituted Pyrazolo[3,4‐b]quinolines

“…According to the literatures [18,21–23] and the above experimental facts, a possible reaction mechanism is deduced (as shown in Scheme 2). During the reaction, the formation of an ethoxylate anion initially occurred in situ by the deprotonation of a molecule of ethanol on the cathode.…”

“…[21] Moreover, electrochemical synthesis has also made a lot of progress in practical applications, such as the electrochemical synthesis of spirodihydrofuran and cyclopenta[b]pyran derivatives. [22][23] Both of the above reactions are initiated by an active base, which is generated by the transfer of electrons from the cathode to the substrate or solvent molecules.…”

“…Highly reactive intermediates are obtained by the electron transfer between an electrode and the substrate or solvent molecules under mild conditions in electrochemical reactions, which avoids acid and bases as reducing or oxidizing agents and related waste by‐products [21] . Moreover, electrochemical synthesis has also made a lot of progress in practical applications, such as the electrochemical synthesis of spirodihydrofuran and cyclopenta[ b ]pyran derivatives [22–23] . Both of the above reactions are initiated by an active base, which is generated by the transfer of electrons from the cathode to the substrate or solvent molecules.…”

Prenatal Diagnosis and Intervention in a Fetal Enterogenous Cyst

“…A recent study reported that MRI serves as a valuable supplementary tool to prenatal ultrasound, enhancing diagnostic accuracy with a reported rate of 73.4% [ 11 ]. However, studies have shown that cystic masses of the gastrointestinal tract can be accurately diagnosed in 91.1% of cases, using prenatal ultrasound [ 12 ].…”