Fescue toxicosis and its influence on the rumen microbiome: mitigation of production losses through clover isoflavones

Melchior, Emily A; Myer, Phillip R.

doi:10.1080/09712119.2018.1496920

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…Feed with mycotoxins or other potentially harmful substances have been shown to influence the rumen microbiota ( 16 ). In the current research, toxins in tall fescue affected alpha-diversity measures such as the number of observed OTUs and Shannon diversity index.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prolactin homeostatic levels are sensitive to tall fescue toxins and are a measure of the degree of tall fescue mycotoxicosis ( 37 ). Since ergovaline has a ring structure similar to the major prolactin inhibitor (dopamine), this may significantly affect serum prolactin concentration ( 16 ). In the current study, serum prolactin levels were not statistically different between treatments; however, numerically lower values were observed in MA treatment on d115.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, we found OTUs related to Prevotella that occurred in high abundance in MA were negatively correlated with PRL. Prevotella species were shown to induce a ruminal environment favorable to Prevotella and other hyper-ammonia-producing bacteria, potentially beneficial by reducing the prevalence of fescue toxicosis ( 16 ). Therefore, the intake of toxin could likely influence the rumen microbiota and ultimately impact serum prolactin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is important to evaluate the effects of these bioactive alkaloids on the rumen and its microbial population, as the microbial population directly aids in providing nutrients to the ruminant host by forage fermentation (i.e., tall fescue) and also impacts lactation energy requirements ( 14 , 15 ). Rumen microorganisms are able to degrade many of the ergot alkaloids consumed by the hosts; however, the identification of the organisms responsible for toxicity degradation is unknown ( 16 ). In an in vitro study conducted by Harlow et al ( 17 ), it was determined that ruminal ammonia-hyperproducing bacteria Peptostreptococcus anaerobius and Clostridum species sporogenes, sticklandii , and aminophilum as well as Prevotella bryantii , albeit to a lesser extent, contribute to the breakdown and metabolism of ergovaline.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue Affects Rumen Microbiota in Grazing Ewes at Gestation and Lactation

et al. 2020

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Tall fescue ( Schedonorus arundinaceus ) is a cool-season perennial grass that is widely used as a forage for many livestock species including sheep. An endophyte ( Neotyphodium coenophialum) in tall fescue produces ergot alkaloids that enhance plant survival but produce toxicosis in animals. The objective of this study was to investigate the rumen microbiota from gestation and lactation in ewes grazing tall fescue pastures with high (HA) or moderate (MA) levels of endophyte infection, and their relationship with serum parameters. Data were collected at the beginning of the study (d1), the week before initiation of lambing (d51), and at the end of the trial (d115). The rumen microbiota was evaluated using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Ewes grazing HA had greater serum non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) ( P = 0.024) levels compared with ewes in MA pasture at d115. Both the number of observed OTUs and Shannon diversity index tended ( P = 0.08, P = 0.06) to be greater for HA than for MA on d115. At the genus level, Prevotella relative abundance increased with time in both MA and HA (on d1, d51, and d115: 15.17, 25.59, and 24.78% in MA; 14.17, 18.10, and 19.41% in HA). Taxa unclassified at the genus level including (unclassified) Lachnospiraceae, Coriobacteriaceae , and Veillonellaceae exhibited higher abundances in HA at d51 (3.72, 2.07, and 11.22%) compared with MA (2.06, 1.28, and 7.42%). The predictor microbiota for HA and MA were identified by a random forest classification model. The HA predictors included bacteria associated with unclassified Coriobacteriaceae and Ruminococcaceae . Other OTUs classified as Prevotella and Clostridiales could be microbial predictors for MA. The OTUs classified as Prevotella and Lachnospiraceae were negatively correlated with serum concentration of prolactin. Negative correlations with NEFA were observed in the microbiota such as species affiliated to unclassified Clostridiales and Prevotella . OTUs classified as Bacteroidetes and Coriobacteriaceae exhibited a positive correlation with NEFA. Our study confirmed that the rumen microbiota populations were affected by high levels of toxins in endophyte-infected tall fescue and were associated with host hormone and energy metabolism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue Affects Rumen Microbiota in Grazing Ewes at Gestation and Lactation

et al. 2020

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“…New data from our lab [ 67 , 68 , 69 ], among other recent reports [ 38 , 70 , 71 ], indicate that developing integrative interactomics-based approaches to complement other, more traditional methods for evaluating the livestock integrome could increase our understanding about the development and adaptive versus pathophysiological responses to one of the costliest diseases to the United States beef industry, fescue toxicosis. The rest of this review will focus on introducing what we currently know about fescue toxicosis development and pathophysiology and how newly generated ‘omics data could be integrated to help fill crucial knowledge gaps related to this disease.…”

Section: Maintaining Animal Productivity and Wellness In Adverse Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Integrative Interactomics for Improvement of Farm Animal Health and Welfare: An Example with Fescue Toxicosis

Mote

Filipov

2020

Toxins

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Rapid scientific advances are increasing our understanding of the way complex biological interactions integrate to maintain homeostatic balance and how seemingly small, localized perturbations can lead to systemic effects. The ‘omics movement, alongside increased throughput resulting from statistical and computational advances, has transformed our understanding of disease mechanisms and the multi-dimensional interaction between environmental stressors and host physiology through data integration into multi-dimensional analyses, i.e., integrative interactomics. This review focuses on the use of high-throughput technologies in farm animal research, including health- and toxicology-related papers. Although limited, we highlight recent animal agriculture-centered reports from the integrative multi-‘omics movement. We provide an example with fescue toxicosis, an economically costly disease affecting grazing livestock, and describe how integrative interactomics can be applied to a disease with a complex pathophysiology in the pursuit of novel treatment and management approaches. We outline how ‘omics techniques have been used thus far to understand fescue toxicosis pathophysiology, lay out a framework for the fescue toxicosis integrome, identify some challenges we foresee, and offer possible means for addressing these challenges. Finally, we briefly discuss how the example with fescue toxicosis could be used for other agriculturally important animal health and welfare problems.

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Response of sheep rumen fermentation and microbial communities to feed infected with the endophyte Epichloë gansuensis as evaluated with rumen-simulating technology

Wang

2021

J Microbiol.

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Achnatherum inebrians, a perennial grass, is widely distributed in China. When infected by the endophyte Epichloë gansuensis, A. inebrians produces an abundance of alkaloids that enhance plant survival but are toxic to animals. Here we used in vitro fermentation to study the impact of endophyte-infected A. inebrians (E+) addition on rumen fermentation characteristics and on microbial community and diversity as assessed with amplicon sequencing technology. We examined E+ addition at five levels, E0, E25, E50, E75, and E100, corresponding to 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of the fermentation substrate, respectively. Both the fermentation characteristics and rumen microbial community structure differed significantly among treatments. E100 resulted in the highest values for pH, the Shannon index, Kiritimatiellaeota, and Lentisphaerae levels relative to the other treatments. In contrast, E25 was associated with higher levels of ammonia nitrogen, total volatile fatty acid, propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate, valerate, of the phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, and of the genus Prevotella_1, Succiniclasticum, Family_XIII_AD3011_group, Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, Prevotellaceae_UCG-001, and Pyramidobacter as compared with other treatments. E50 resulted in the greatest values for the abundance-based coverage estimator (ACE) and the Chao1 index as compared with other treatments. E0 resulted in the greatest values for digestibility of dry matter, gas production, acetate, and Ruminobacter as compared with other treatments. This approach avoided animal toxicity experiments and confirmed that rumen fermentation characteristics and rumen microbiota were affected by E+ toxin. Therefore, E25 showed higher abundance in Prevotella_1, Prevotellaceae_ UCG-001, and Lachnospiraceae_XPB1014_group that implied they should play significant roles in E+ alkaloids degradation. And then, we can infer that rumen microorganisms should function as an antidote with respect to this poisoning reaction at moderate dietary percentages of E+.

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Fescue toxicosis and its influence on the rumen microbiome: mitigation of production losses through clover isoflavones

Cited by 13 publications

References 108 publications

Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue Affects Rumen Microbiota in Grazing Ewes at Gestation and Lactation

Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue Affects Rumen Microbiota in Grazing Ewes at Gestation and Lactation

Use of Integrative Interactomics for Improvement of Farm Animal Health and Welfare: An Example with Fescue Toxicosis

Response of sheep rumen fermentation and microbial communities to feed infected with the endophyte Epichloë gansuensis as evaluated with rumen-simulating technology

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