Ferulic acid induces heme oxygenase-1 <i>via</i> activation of ERK and Nrf2

Ferulic acid protects against heat stress-induced intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction in IEC-6 cells via the PI3K/Akt-mediated Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway

“…Under physiological conditions, Nrf2 is present in the cytoplasm with Keap1 as an inactive complex. When stimulated, Nrf2 dissociates from Keap1, translocates to the cell nucleus and binds to ARE sequences, leading to the transcriptional activation of a series of cytoprotective and antioxidants genes [42]. The present results suggested that FA induced the translocation of Nrf2 from the cytosol to the nucleus in IEC-6 cells and might upregulate HO-1 protein expression through the Nrf2 signaling pathway.…”

Nutraceuticals have potential for boosting the type 1 interferon response to RNA viruses including influenza and coronavirus

“…6 Phase 2inductive nutraceuticalssuch as ferulic acid, lipoic acid, or sulforaphaneare known to promote induction of HO-1, and hence may have some utility for boosting type 1 interferon response. [7][8][9] The ability of sodium ferulate to activate TLR7, stimulate type 1 interferon production, and enhance survival in influenza A-infected mice, might be secondary to HO-1 induction, and possibly reflects an additional effect of ferulate per se (as TLR9 was also found to be activated). 10 Moreover, the phycocyanobilin (PCB) chromophore of cyanobacteria (such as spirulina) and many types of blue-green algae, a biliverdin metabolite, has been shown to mimic the NAPDH oxidase inhibiting activity of unconjugated bilirubin, likely because it is rapidly converted within cells to phycocyanorubin, a compound very similar in structure to bilirubin.…”

An overview on the role of dietary phenolics for the treatment of cancers

“…Few recent studies have also demonstrated the ability of cinnamic acids to upregulate Nrf2. For instance, a study has shown that caffeic acid phenyl ester and ferulic acid activated the Nrf-2 expression in cancer cell lines [133, 134]. Despite these adverse effects, the research and use of phenolic compounds for treating cancers continues due to the predominance of health beneficial effects compared to adverse events.…”