“…Diverse bacterial strains such as Herbaspirillum , Azospirillum , Enterobacter , Azotobacter, Acetobacter and Pseudomonas increase the developmental reactions within the plant by either increasing the bioavailability of both micro and macro nutrients (e.g. iron, zinc and phosphorus), production of the phytohormones or by fixing atmospheric nitrogen ( Ahmad et al, 2008 , Barea and Richardson, 2015 , Arya et al, 2020 , Ummara et al, 2021 , Nawaz et al, 2020 ). PGPR associated with cereals has received a greater interest in recent years and different studies noticeably established the positive and valuable effects of PGPR on overall growth and development of various plant species ( Mehnaz et al, 2010 , Zhang et al, 2012 , Baliah et al, 2016 , Teng et al, 2018 , Chawngthu et al, 2020 , Khanna et al, 2019a , Khanna et al, 2019b , Khanna et al, 2019c ).…”