Fertility traits of autochthonous breeds of Mangalitsa, Moravka and Resavka

Abstract

Objective of this paper was to evaluate phenotypic variability of fertility traits of indigenous breeds of Mangalitsa (Swallow-Belly Strain Mangalitsa-SBSM), Moravka breed (M) and Resavka (R). Indigenous pig populations are usually constituted by a quite low number of active boars and sows. Their pedigree information is lacking or absent, complete phenotypic description is usually not available for most of these populations that are very well adapted to specific local agro-climatic environments. In controlled herds in period of four years, the average age at first farrowing (AFF) was 18.5 months with large variability of 5.9 months for Swallow belly Mangalitsa. Less AFF (14.3 months) and less variability (4.4 months), in relation to SBSM, determined for Moravka breed while for Resavka determined age of 14.7 months with at least variability for this trait from 4.4 months. The average number of piglets born alive (for a period of four years) of SBSM was the lowest from 4.37 to 4.81; in case of M and R, this value was significantly (P<0.001) higher (from 5.75 to 8.17 and for R breed 6.40 to 9.00). With average duration of suckling period (duration of lactation-DL) of 52.92 days in the first year for the breed SBSM with the lowest number of reared piglets (NRP=4.10) whereas the DL for M and R breeds was shorter (from 45.75 to 52.03 day) with a higher NRP (from 4.57 to 8.92 reared piglets).

Moravka Pig

“…Information on population status in the last 20 years is collected by the organizations listed in Table 2. The law of incentives in agriculture and rural development [5] defines the maximum amounts of incentives per head for breeding gilts, boars, and sows of Mangalitsa, Moravka, and Resavka [6]. However, the data on size of population are unreliable, and the greatest number of animals of Moravka wasn't included in the conservation program [4]; thus a sufficient number of representative animals should be selected in order to form herd in the breeding region.…”

The quality of traditionally smoked tenderloins obtained from meat of native pig breeds

“…The native populations breeds of pigs are grown in the certain region and/or country as local, primitive breeds, for example, Mangalitsa, Moravka, Resavka, Iberian, Casertana, Alentejana, Bazna, Mora Romagnola, Krskopolje, Turopolje (Čandek-Potokar, 2019;Popova et al, 2015;Pugliese and Sirtori, 2012;Radović et al, 2017;Radović et al, 2019). These breeds are characterized by lower fattening, slaughter and breeding yield parameters but their advantages are good quality raw meat, lower feeding demands, natural resistance to bad environmental conditions and higher resistance against illnesses and stress in comparison to regular industrial breeds (Čandek-Potokar, 2019;Pugliese and Sirtori, 2012;Radović et al, 2019).…”