Fertility Cryopreservation

Ciani, Francesca; Cocchia, N; Esposito, Luigi; Avallone, Luigi

doi:10.5772/38511

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…They can be used in the veterinary field also [90]. ART, in fact, were recently accepted into the programs for the safeguard of endangered species from extinction [90][91][92][93]. In a feasible program it is necessary proceed in the following five steps: 1) Technique development in a domestic animal counterpart, if available; 2) characterization of species-specific reproductive biology in a targeted nondomestic animal; 3) assessment of technique feasibility for producing offspring; 4) demonstration of adequate efficiency for applied usage; 5) application of new tool for population management [90] Figs 4, 5, and 6 show cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) from mare explanted ovaries: these tools are employed in ART to have genetic improvement in horses,…”

Section: Assisted Reproductive Techniques (Art) and Rosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of ROS on Ovarian Functions

Ciani¹,

Cocchia²,

d’Angelo³

et al. 2015

New Discoveries in Embryology

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High level of ROS Reactive Oxygen Species , due to an increased production of oxidant species and/or a decreased efficacy of antioxidant system, can lead to oxidative stress OS an emerging health risk factor involved in the aging and in many diseases, either in humans or in animals. ROS are a double-edged sword -they serve as key signal molecules in physiological processes, but also have a role in pathological processes involving the female reproductive tract.ROS affect multiple physiological processes in reproduction and fertility, from oocyte maturation to fertilization, embryo development and pregnancy. Several studies indicate that follicular atresia in mammalian species due to the accumulation of toxic metabolites often results from oxidative stress. It has been suggested that ROS under moderate concentrations play a role in signal transduction processes involved in growth and protection from apoptosis. Conversely, increase of ROS levels is primarily responsible for the alteration of macromolecules, such as lipids, proteins and nucleic acids, that lead to significant damage of cell structures and thereby cause oxidative stress. To prevent damage due to ROS, cells possess a number of non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants. Non-enzymatic antioxidants include vitamin C, glutathione and vitamin E. Enzymatic antioxidants consist of superoxide dismutases MnSOD and Cu/ZnSOD that convert superoxide into hydrogen peroxide glutathione peroxidase GPX and catalase C"T which neutralize hydrogen peroxide. Intracellular homeostasis is ensured by the complex interaction between pro-oxidants and antioxidants.This chapter describes gathering evidence that oxidative stress is involved in ovarian physio-pathology caused by diverse stimuli. There is strong evidence that ROS are involved in initiation of apoptosis in antral follicles caused by several chemical and physical agents, in the fluid follicular environment, influencing the folliculogenesis and the steroidogenesis. "lthough less attention has been focused on the roles of ROS in primordial and primary follicle death, several studies have shown protective effects of antioxidants and/or evidence of oxidative damage, suggesting that ROS may play a role in these smaller follicles as well. Oxidative damage to lipids in the oocyte has been implicated as a cause of persistently poor oocyte quality. Developing germ cells in the fetal ovary have also been shown to be sensitive to toxicants and ionizing radiation, which induce oxidative stress. Recent studies have begun to elucidate the mechanisms by which ROS mediate ovarian toxicity. It has been investigated the role of antioxidant enzymes, such as catalase, glutathione peroxidase and the SOD isoforms in maintaining low levels of oxidative stress.The literature provides some evidence of oxidative stress influencing the entire reproductive cycle. OS plays a role in multiple physiological processes from oocyte maturation to fertilization and embryo development. "n increasing number of published studies have pointed towar...

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Section: Assisted Reproductive Techniques (Art) and Rosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of ROS on Ovarian Functions

Ciani¹,

Cocchia²,

d’Angelo³

et al. 2015

New Discoveries in Embryology

Self Cite

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“…The benefit of vitrification lies in its simplicity, as the setup time is minimal, and it does not require expensive freezing equipment as used in the slowcooled method (1,2). Vitrification has become a popular alternative method for embryo cryopreservation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Perinatal and neonatal outcomes of 494 babies delivered from 972 vitrified embryo transfers

Shi

Xue

Zhang

et al. 2012

Fertility and Sterility

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“…Cryoprotective agents can be divided into permeating and non-permeating agents according to their mechanism of action [ 7 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Permeating agents are generally more effective than non-permeating cryoprotectants [ 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Glycerol is a commonly used cryoprotective permeating agent which penetrates the sperm membrane [ 7 , 10 , 11 ]. Glycerol replaces water in the cell, thus preventing the formation of crystals and interior damage to the sperm head.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boar Sperm Cryopreservation Improvement Using Semen Extender Modification by Dextran and Pentaisomaltose

Šimoník

Bubeníčková

Tůmová

et al. 2022

Animals

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The long-term storage of boar sperm presents an ongoing challenge, and the modification of the cryoprotective compounds in semen extenders is crucial for improving cryopreservation’s success rate. The aim of our study was to reduce the percentage of glycerol in the extender by elimination or substitution with biocompatible, non-toxic polysaccharides. For boar semen extender improvement, we tested a novel modification with the polysaccharides dextran and pentaisomaltose in combination with unique in silico predictive modeling. We targeted the analysis of in vitro qualitative sperm parameters such as motility, viability, mitochondrial activity, acrosome integrity, and DNA integrity. Non-penetrating polysaccharide-based cryoprotective agents interact with sperm surface proteins such as spermadhesins, which are recognized as fertility markers of boar sperm quality. The in silico docking study showed a moderate binding affinity of dextran and pentaisomaltose toward one specific spermadhesin known as AWN, which is located in the sperm plasma membrane. Pentaisomaltose formed a hydrophobic pocket for the AWN protein, and the higher energy of this protein–ligand complex compared with dextran was calculated. In addition, the root mean square deviation (RMSD) analysis for the molecular dynamics (MD) of both polysaccharides and AWN simulation suggests their interaction was highly stable. The in silico results were supported by in vitro experiments. In the experimental groups where glycerol was partially or entirely substituted, the use of pentaisomaltose resulted in improved sperm mitochondrial activity and DNA integrity after thawing when compared with dextran. In this paper, we demonstrate that pentaisomaltose, previously used for cryopreservation in hematopoietic stem cells, represents a promising compound for the elimination or reduction of glycerol in extenders for boar semen cryopreservation. This novel approach, using in silico computer prediction and in vitro testing, represents a promising technique to help identify new cryoprotectants for use in animal breeding or genetic resource programs.

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Fertility Cryopreservation

Cited by 6 publications

References 56 publications

Influence of ROS on Ovarian Functions

Influence of ROS on Ovarian Functions

Perinatal and neonatal outcomes of 494 babies delivered from 972 vitrified embryo transfers

Boar Sperm Cryopreservation Improvement Using Semen Extender Modification by Dextran and Pentaisomaltose

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