Ferromagnetism: magnetization curves

Edmund, C Stoner

doi:10.1088/0034-4885/13/1/304

Cited by 78 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 154 publications

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“…It is observed that the room‐temperature coercivity is high in all these samples and such values of coercivity (1.1–2.7 kOe) are not typical to situations where domain wall pinning alone determines the coercivity. The typical coercive fields due to domain wall pinning effects are around few hundred Oersteds . This implies that the strong coercive force observed in our case is related to the magnetic anisotropy that can lead to large values for the same.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 49%

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Size and Lone Pair Effects on the Multiferroic Properties ofBi_0.75A_0.25FeO_3−δ(A = Sr, Pb, and Ba) Ceramics

et al. 2013

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The work presents a comparative study of the effects of divalent Ba, Sr, and Pb substituents on the multiferroic properties of BiFeO3. The multiferroic properties of Bi0.75A0.25FeO3 (A = Sr, Pb, Ba) solid solution have been explained taking into account the effects of size differences and electronic configuration differences between the host element (Bi) and the substituent. X‐ray diffraction studies revealed that Sr and Pb substitution at Bi‐site transforms the rhombohedral phase (R3c) to cubic phase (Pm3m), whereas the Ba‐substituted sample exhibited the presence of both rhombohedral and cubic phases (R3c + Pm3m). Electronic structure studies through XPS revealed that charge imbalance induced by divalent substitution was being compensated by the formation of oxygen vacancies, while the Fe ions exist in Fe2+ and Fe3+ states. Replacement of volatile Bi by Sr, Pb, and Ba reduces the concentration of oxygen vacancies (VO2+) and helps to improve the dielectric properties. Strong magnetization enhancement was observed in the substituted compositions and was seen to be consistent with the suppression of cycloid spin structure due to structural transformation as well as possible changes in Fe–O local environment leading to local lattice distortion effects. Furthermore, the observed decrease in the values of magnetic coercivity at low temperature in all the substituted samples is explained in terms of reduced effective single ion anisotropy, originating in the magnetoelectric coupling and being a particularly stronger effect in the case of the lone pair dopant Pb, consistent with theoretical predictions. The lone pair substituent Pb leads to the largest dielectric constant, enhanced magnetization, and large effects on the low‐temperature hysteresis.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 49%

“…The typical coercive fields due to domain wall pinning effects are around few hundred Oersteds. 54 This implies that the strong coercive force observed in our case is related to the magnetic anisotropy that can lead to large values for the same. Wang et al observed high coercivity of 4.2 kOe for Ba-doped BFO (x = 0.25) ceramics.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 56%

Size and Lone Pair Effects on the Multiferroic Properties ofBi_0.75A_0.25FeO_3−δ(A = Sr, Pb, and Ba) Ceramics

et al. 2013

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“…Stoner discusses the interpretation of terms proportional to 1/H int as arising from inclusions (impurities or cavities) in the sample and 1/H 2 int as arising from stresses and imperfections (see discussion around Eqs. 4.18-4.22 in [28] and around Eq. 7 of [29]).…”

Section: Publicationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Accurate Determination of the Electron Spin Polarization In Magnetized Iron and Nickel Foils for Møller Polarimetry

Jones¹,

Napolitano²,

Souder³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The Møller polarimeter in Hall A at Jefferson Lab in Newport News, VA, has provided reliable measurements of electron beam polarization for the past two decades. Past experiments have typically required polarimetry at the 1% level of absolute uncertainty which the Møller polarimeter has delivered. However, the upcoming proposed experimental program including MOLLER and SoLID have stringent requirements on beam polarimetry precision at the level of 0.4%[1, 2], requiring a systematic re-examination of all the contributing uncertainties.Møller polarimetry uses the double polarized scattering asymmetry of a polarized electron beam on a target with polarized atomic electrons. The target is a ferromagnetic material magnetized to align the spins in a given direction. In Hall A, the target is a pure iron foil aligned perpendicular to the beam and magnetized out of plane parallel or antiparallel to the beam direction. The acceptance of the detector is engineered to collect scattered electrons close to 90 • in the center of mass frame where the analyzing power is a maximum (-7/9).One of the leading systematic errors comes from determination of the target foil polarization. Polarization of a magnetically saturated target foil requires knowledge of both the saturation magnetization and g , the electron

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“…The key point of thermoelectromagnetic refrigeration is to develop new functional materials with both large magnetic entropy change (−∆S M ) and high thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT). [33] However, these two properties are usually contradictory to each other in a single phase compound, since excellent magneto-thermal materials are mainly ferromagnetic (FM) metals, [34] while most efficient thermoelectric materials are generally doped narrow-bandgap semiconductors. [35,36] There are only a very few exceptions, one of which is Cr 1−x Te half metal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rational design and synthesis of Cr_1–xTe/Ag₂Te composites for solid-state thermoelectromagnetic cooling near room temperature

Sun 孙,

Xie 谢,

Chen 陈

et al. 2024

Chinese Phys. B

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Materials with both large magnetocaloric response and high thermoelectric performance are of vital importance for all-solid-state thermoelectromagnetic cooling. These two properties, however, hardly coexist in single phase materials except previously reported hexagonal Cr1-xTe half metal where a relatively high magnetic entropy change (-ΔS M) of ~2.4 J kg-1 K-1 @ 5 T and a moderate thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) of ~1.2×10-2 @ 300 K are simultaneously recorded. Herein we aim to increase the thermoelectric performance of Cr1-xTe by compositing with semiconducting Ag2Te. It is discovered that the in-situ synthesis of Cr1-xTe/Ag2Te composites by reacting their constitute elements above melting temperatures is unsuccessful because of strong phase competition. Specifically, at elevated temperatures (T > 800 K), Cr1-xTe has a much lower deformation energy than Ag2Te and tends to become more Cr-deficient by capturing Te from Ag2Te. Therefore, Ag is insufficiently reacted and as a metal it deteriorates ZT. We then rationalize the synthesis of Cr1-xTe/Ag2Te composites by ex-situ mix of the pre-prepared Cr1-xTe and Ag2Te binary compounds followed by densification at a low sintering temperature of 573 K under a pressure of 3.5 GPa. We show that by compositing with 7 mol% Ag2Te, the Seebeck coefficient of Cr1-xTe is largely increased while the lattice thermal conductivity is considerably reduced, leading to 72% improvement of ZT. By comparison, -ΔS M is only slightly reduced by 10% in the composite. Our work demonstrates the potential of Cr1-xTe/Ag2Te composites for thermoelectromagnetic cooling.

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Ferromagnetism: magnetization curves

Cited by 78 publications

References 154 publications

Size and Lone Pair Effects on the Multiferroic Properties ofBi_0.75A_0.25FeO_3−δ(A = Sr, Pb, and Ba) Ceramics

Size and Lone Pair Effects on the Multiferroic Properties ofBi_0.75A_0.25FeO_3−δ(A = Sr, Pb, and Ba) Ceramics

Accurate Determination of the Electron Spin Polarization In Magnetized Iron and Nickel Foils for Møller Polarimetry

Rational design and synthesis of Cr_1–xTe/Ag₂Te composites for solid-state thermoelectromagnetic cooling near room temperature

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Ferromagnetism: magnetization curves

Cited by 78 publications

References 154 publications

Size and Lone Pair Effects on the Multiferroic Properties ofBi0.75A0.25FeO3−δ(A = Sr, Pb, and Ba) Ceramics

Size and Lone Pair Effects on the Multiferroic Properties ofBi0.75A0.25FeO3−δ(A = Sr, Pb, and Ba) Ceramics

Accurate Determination of the Electron Spin Polarization In Magnetized Iron and Nickel Foils for Møller Polarimetry

Rational design and synthesis of Cr1–x Te/Ag2Te composites for solid-state thermoelectromagnetic cooling near room temperature

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Size and Lone Pair Effects on the Multiferroic Properties ofBi_0.75A_0.25FeO_3−δ(A = Sr, Pb, and Ba) Ceramics

Size and Lone Pair Effects on the Multiferroic Properties ofBi_0.75A_0.25FeO_3−δ(A = Sr, Pb, and Ba) Ceramics

Rational design and synthesis of Cr_1–xTe/Ag₂Te composites for solid-state thermoelectromagnetic cooling near room temperature