Ferroelectric polarization-enhanced photocatalytic properties and photo-induced charge carrier behavior of Au/BaTiO3

Highly efficient piezoelectric field enhanced photocatalytic performance via in situ formation of BaTiO3 on Ti3C2Tx for phenolic compound degradation

“…3c). 45,46 The largest Ba 3d 3/2 peak is located at 794.5 eV, and the largest Ba 3d 5/2 peaks are centered at 779.5 eV and 778.0 eV, which represent typical binding energies of Ba 2+ ions. 47 Meanwhile, Ba 2+ ions can combine with electrons in the adjacent Ti–O octahedra or oxygen vacancies to produce Ba 2+ –e (or Ba + ) species with a higher binding energy of 789.5 eV and an ionic radius larger than that of Ba 2+ ions.…”

Ferroelectrics in Photocatalysis

“…[14] Additionally, surface structure and heterojunction engineering are common strategies to improve surface catalytic sites and optimize interfacial structure of BaTiO 3 , realizing highly efficient transportation and utilization of carriers. [8] PbTiO 3 with a space group of P4 mm and Tc of 620 °C possesses a similar crystal structure to BaTiO 3 . [15] The spontaneous polarization provides a polarization-dependent band bending suppressing e-h pairs recombination.…”

“…Thus, many efforts were implemented to broaden its light response range, including loading plasmonic particles, doping, heterostructure construction and etc. [8,18] Besides, spatial distribution of active sites and fabrication of facet-junction are effective strategies to promote surface catalytic reaction. [19] BiFeO 3 is a well-known multiferroic material with a high Tc and optical bandgap of 2.74 eV (Figure 1g).…”

“…[7] Due to the relatively large bandgap (3 .2 eV), BaTiO 3 is a UV-responsive semiconductor photocatalyst (Figure 1c). [8] Thus, many efforts have been reported to narrow bandgap to broaden visible-light absorption range. [9] The spontaneous polarization of BaTiO 3 exists along with [001] direction when the temperature is in the range of 5-130 °C, which arises from the distortion of [TiO 6 ] octahedra.…”

Morphology-Governed Performance of Plasmonic Photocatalysts

“…Besides, it has been proposed that the geometry of metal deposits on ferroelectric substrate plays an important role in enlarging or inhibiting the polarization effect, and thus the metal deposits should not be too thick to block the effect from polarization [137]. Chao et al have indicated that in the case of Au/BaTiO 3 the "hot" electrons (LSPR of Au) have only little effect on the improvement of vis photocatalytic performance [138].…”