Ferroelasticity with a Biased Hysteresis Loop in a Co-Crystal of Pimelic Acid and 1,2-Di(4-pyridyl)ethane

Abstract

The formation of two-component supramolecular polymers can lead to high supramolecular designability by a combination of different kinds of components in addition to the development of thermal and physical properties. These features are suitable for screening mechanical properties of low molecular crystals. Herein, we demonstrate ferroelasticity in a co-crystal of pimelic acid and 1,2-di­(4-pyridyl)­ethane, which form a one-dimensional supramolecular polymer by hydrogen bonds in the single crystalline state. The crystal showed a permanent biased ferroelastic hysteresis loop as a mixture of ferroelasticity and superelasticity, which is attributable to multiple crystallographically independent molecules.

An Organosuperelastic Mechanism with Bending Molecular Chain Bundles

“…The E d important for mechanical damping of vibrations is larger than that in most of the previously reported ferroelastic molecular crystals (Table S3). ,,,,− …”

Organoferroelasticity Mediated by Water of Crystallization

“… − , On the other hand, deformation stress of 0.34 MPa in a single crystal of SA with the small bending angle of 5.9° is comparable to that in other organoferroelastic crystals with a large bending angle over 30° (Table S1). ,− This is most likely due to recombination of flexible but robust hydrogen bonds in mechanical twinning, i.e., two-dimensional charge-assisted hydrogen bonding networks. Enhancement of deformation stress attributable to hydrogen bonds was also confirmed in superelastic and ferroelastic crystals with one-dimensional hydrogen bonding networks, indicating tunability of stress for twinning by hydrogen bonds.…”

“…Designing supramolecular synthons is one of the most representative and useful approaches in crystal engineering, − especially using hydrogen bonds, because of their robustness, anisotropy, and complementarity. Mechanical properties including not only elasticity and diffusion-based plasticity as a fundamental property of solids − but also ferroelasticity − and superelasticity ,,,− as diffusion-less plastic deformation showing spontaneous strain and spontaneous shape recovery, respectively, correlate to crystal structures and can be affected by hydrogen bonds. A water molecule having flexibility in angles and length of its hydrogen bonds and the ability of bond recombination , in the crystalline state can be a possible tool for crystal design.…”

Twinning-Based Organosuperelasticity and Chirality in a Single Crystal of an Achiral Donor–Acceptor Type Schiff Base Induced by Charge-Transfer Interactions

“…Unique mechanical behaviors by mechanical twinning, e.g. ferroelasticity ,− and superelasticity (or elastic twinning or pseudoelasticity) ,,,− diffusionless plastic deformation characterized by spontaneous strain and spontaneous shape recoverability, respectivelyare also noteworthy. These characteristics make mechanical twinning fascinating in materials science, and reliable design guidelines are required for practical applications.…”