Ferritin: A Tumor Marker
Expressed by Renal Cell
Carcinoma

Kırkalı, Ziya; Esen, Adil; Kırkalı, Güldal; Güner, Güneş

doi:10.1159/000475037

Cited by 34 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…It was shown that the mean serum ferritin level from the renal vein correlated with tumor stage and was significantly higher than that from the peripheral vein [34]. The mean cytosolic ferritin level of cancer tissue was also much higher than that from normal parenchyma [35,36]. However, the actual reasons for the ferritin increases in the RCC tissue remain unclear [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of serum iron, ferritin, nitrite, and association with risk of renal cancer in women

Ali

Akhmedkhanov

Zeleniuch-Jaquotte

et al. 2003

Cancer Detection and Prevention

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Reliability of serum levels of iron, ferritin and nitrite (NO 2 − ) over a 2-year period were evaluated in 40 healthy women (20 pre-menopausal and 20 post-menopausal), ages 39-65 years, from the New York University Women's Health Study (NYUWHS). Three blood samples per woman collected at yearly intervals were analyzed. Reliability coefficients (RCs) of serum iron, ferritin, and nitrite were 0.03 (95% confidence interval ( In a case-control study nested within NYUWHS cohort, serum levels of nitrite, ferritin, and iron were measured in women apparently healthy at the time of blood donation but diagnosed with renal cancer 1.8-12.2 years later (n = 24) and in individually matched controls (two per case). The results suggest that high serum levels of ferritin and nitrite may be associated with a decreased risk of renal cancer (odds ratio (OR), 0.55, 95% CI, 0.15-2.01 for ferritin, and OR, 0.52, 95% CI, 0.17-1.60 for nitrite in women with above median level as compared to women with below median level). The possible role of ferritin and nitrite in renal cancer is discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of serum iron, ferritin, nitrite, and association with risk of renal cancer in women

Ali

Akhmedkhanov

Zeleniuch-Jaquotte

et al. 2003

Cancer Detection and Prevention

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“…Cancer patients with active, untreated, or metastatic malignancies have folate deficiency without evidence of malnourishment, malabsorption, or increased folate excretion (70 -72 (73,74). Correspondingly, increased levels of HCF mRNA and/or protein have been observed in cancer tissues and in the sera of patients (57,74). Normally, HCF mRNA is not detected in normal mammary tissues, but is present in breast cancer tissue (75).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification and Properties of a Folate-catabolizing Enzyme

Suh

Oppenheim

Girgis

et al. 2000

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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We have identified and purified to homogeneity an enzyme from rat liver that catalyzes the oxidative catabolism of 5-formyltetrahydrofolate to p-aminobenzoylglutamate and a pterin derivative. Purification of the enzyme utilized six column matrices, including a pterin-6-carboxylic acid affinity column. Treatment of crude rat liver extracts with EDTA or heat decreased the specific activity of the enzyme by up to 85%. Peptides generated from the purified protein were sequenced and found to be identical to primary sequences present within rat light chain or heavy chain ferritin. Commercial rat ferritin did not display catabolic activity, but activity could be acquired with iron loading. The purified enzyme contained 2000 atoms of iron/ferritin 24-mer and displayed similar electrophoretic properties as commercial rat liver ferritin. The ferritin-catalyzed reaction displayed burst kinetics, and the enzyme catalyzed only a single turnover in vitro. Expression of rat heavy chain ferritin cDNA resulted in increased rates of folate turnover in cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells and human mammary carcinoma cells and reduced intracellular folate concentrations in Chinese hamster ovary cells. These results indicate that ferritin catalyzes folate turnover in vitro and in vivo and may be an important factor in regulating intracellular folate concentrations.

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“…5,6 Elevated serum ferritin also has been used as a harbinger of tissue masses including ovarian carcinoma, 7 Hodgkin disease, 8 renal cell carcinoma, 9 and melanoma, 10 and preterm deliveries. 11,12 Ferritin has been linked to insulin resistance [13][14][15] and, controversially, to atherosclerosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulated secretion of glycosylated human ferritin from hepatocytes

Ghosh

Hevi

Chuck

2004

Blood

117

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Serum ferritin has been used widely in clinical medicine chiefly as an indicator of iron stores and inflammation. Circulating ferritin also can have paracrine effects. Despite the clinical significance of serum ferritin, its secretion remains an enigma. The consensus view is that serum ferritin arises from tissue ferritinsprincipally ferritin light-which can be glycosylated. Ferritin heavy and light chains are cytosolic proteins that form cages of 24 subunits to store intracellular iron. We show that ferritin light is secreted when its expression is increased in stable, transfected HepG2 cells or adenovirus-infected HepG2 cells. Export occurs through the classical secretory pathway and some chains are N-glycosylated. Ferritins do not need to form cages prior to secretion. Secretion is blocked specifically, effectively, and rapidly by a factor in serum. The timing of this inhibition of ferritin secretion suggests that normally cytosolic ferritin L is targeted to the secretory pathway during translation despite the absence of a conventional signal sequence. Thus, secretion of glycosylated and unglycosylated ferritin is a regulated and not a stochastic process. IntroductionSerum ferritin has wide clinical utility primarily as an indicator of intracellular iron stores 1-3 and as an acute-phase reactant useful for the diagnosis and follow-up of adult Still disease 4 and systemic lupus erythematosis. 5,6 Elevated serum ferritin also has been used as a harbinger of tissue masses including ovarian carcinoma, 7 Hodgkin disease, 8 renal cell carcinoma, 9 and melanoma, 10 and preterm deliveries. 11,12 Ferritin has been linked to insulin resistance [13][14][15] and, controversially, to atherosclerosis. 16 Thus, serum ferritin has been used for the diagnosis and follow-up of numerous disorders, although it is most strongly linked to intracellular iron status and adult Still disease.Despite the frequent use in clinical medicine of measurements of serum ferritin, most aspects of its secretion remain unknown. An understanding of the mechanism and regulation of the secretion of ferritin would inform the use of this commonly used clinical test. Moreover, the trafficking of normally cytosolic ferritins is relevant to the physiology of iron homeostasis and the pathophysiology of many disorders in which intracellular ferritin could play a role. [17][18][19][20] There are 2 forms of ferritin that function together to store iron in cells. 2 In humans, ferritin light (L) has a molecular mass of 19 kDa and consists of 175 amino acids. Human ferritin L is 53% identical to ferritin heavy (H), which contains 183 amino acids and is 21 kDa. 21 Unlike ferritin L, ferritin H contains a ferroxidase site. Cages that store iron atoms are formed from 24 ferritin monomers in varying ratios of H/L. [21][22][23] Both ferritin H and L subunits are necessary for efficient iron storage; although ferritin L lacks a ferroxidase site, the protein nucleates iron mineralization. 21,24 Ferritin is secreted from liver 25,26 and lymphoid cells. 27 Some studies...

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Ferritin: A Tumor Marker Expressed by Renal Cell Carcinoma

Cited by 34 publications

References 9 publications

Reliability of serum iron, ferritin, nitrite, and association with risk of renal cancer in women

Reliability of serum iron, ferritin, nitrite, and association with risk of renal cancer in women

Purification and Properties of a Folate-catabolizing Enzyme

Regulated secretion of glycosylated human ferritin from hepatocytes

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