Ferrite Grain Size Refinement by Heavy Deformation during Accelerated Cooling in Low-carbon Steel

Adachi, Yoshitaka; Tomida, Toshiro; Hinotani, Shigeharu

doi:10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.85.8_620

Cited by 33 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…13) Fujioka et al extended this concept to ultra-grain refinement down to 1 mm in the Ferrous Super-Metal Project. 14) In the same project, Adachi et al found a new ultra-grain refinement process, in which ferrite of 1 mm was formed from super-cooled and heavily deformed austenite at bainite transformation temperature range of 800 K. 15) Similar process was developed by Torizuka et al in the STX-21 project. 16) Grain-refinement using recrsytallization of martensite, bainite and ferrite were studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Hardness of fine ferrite transformed from heavily deformed austenite by strain-assisted low temperature transformation, 15,21) followed by aging treatment was higher with higher Cu content, lower deformation temperature in austenite. Peak age phenomenon was also confirmed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Grain-refinement of Fe-C-Mn-Cu steel by ferrite strain-assisted low temperature transformation Effect of Cu on grain-refinement through heavy deformation of meta-stable austenite followed by austenite to ferrite transformation 15,21) was studied, using Thermecmaster-Z. The steels were prepared by vacuum melting.…”

Section: 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the above studies, it is understood that carbide and nitride particles play an important role in the grain-refinement process through controlling recrystallization and grain-growth processes. 14,15,27) It may be possible for Cu to precipitate more finely than carbides or nitrides, like Nb(C,N), and to bring about finer grain-sizes. At the same time, strengthening by Cu clusters and precipitates could be utilized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Copper on Tensile Properties and Grain-Refinement of Steel and its Relation to Precipitation Behavior

et al. 2004

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Progress of Ferrous Nano-Metal Project is introduced in the present paper. In the project, maximum use of copper clusters and precipitates is pursued for achieving better strength-ductility balance than that of conventional high-tensile strength steels. Fundamental aspect of clustering and precipitation of Cu in Fe-Cu alloys was studied using Optical Tomographic Atom-Probe (OTAP). It was found that Cu precipitation during aging was enhanced by plastic deformation. The observed Cu precipitation behavior was well related to the age-hardening behavior, that is, aging started at lower temperature and maximum hardness was higher for plastically deformed and aged ferrite. Aging behavior and associated tensile properties were further examined for Fe-C-Mn-Cu martensitic steel. Higher value of tensile strength times elongation was achieved in Fe-C-Mn-Cu steel than Fe-C-Mn steel. Finally, effect of Cu precipitation on grain-refinement of ferrite was studied for Fe-C-Mn-Cu steel. Ferrite grain smaller than 1 mm was obtained in both processes of strain-assisted ferrite transformation from heavily deformed austenite and dynamic recrystallization of heavily deformed ferrite. Ferrite grain size was found to decrease by addition of Cu at the both processes. It was suggested that a simple additivity rule does not hold in terms of the strengthening by grain-refinement and that by precipitation, especially at grain-size range less than 1 mm.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Copper on Tensile Properties and Grain-Refinement of Steel and its Relation to Precipitation Behavior

et al. 2004

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] The dynamic transformation is known to occur when a specimen is deformed just above the ferrite transformation start temperature (Ar3). To understand the underlying mechanism of grain-refinement through dynamic transformation, hot-deformed microstructures of austenite have been intensively examined by several researchers, [10][11][12][13] because it is closely related to final ferrite microstructures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coherent-to-Incoherent Transition of Intergranular bcc-precipitates by Pre-/Post-deformations in a Ni-43Cr Alloy

Adachi

Tsuzaki

2005

ISIJ Int.

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Effects of light deformations before and after precipitation (pre-deformation and post-deformation) on orientation distribution of intergranular bcc-precipitates were examined in a Ni-43mass%Cr alloy by electron backscattered diffraction. It was found that the deviation angles from both the plane/direction parallel orientation relationships in the Kurdjumov-Sachs orientation relationship of intergranular precipitates were increased by both pre-and post-deformations, but post-deformation was more effective. Based on this result, microstructural evolution of intergranular precipitates formed dynamically was discussed with particular attention to coherent-to-incoherent transition of precipitates.

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Dynamic Transformation Mechanism for Producing Ultrafine Grained Steels

et al. 2018

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Ultrafine grained (UFG) steels with grain sizes around 1 micron exhibit an excellent strength‐ductility combination and have been extensively studied worldwide. Among the different grain refinement strategies, thermomechanical controlled processing (TMCP) employing dynamic transformation (DT), that is, ferrite transformation during deformation of austenite, is considered as the simplest and commercially exploitable approach to produce ultrafine ferrite (UFF) with grain size of a couple of microns or below. The present paper reviews the research history of DT and highlights the major aspects of continuous interest including the methods and evidences for identifying DT, thermodynamics and kinetics of DT, mechanism for UFF formation and the effects of some key thermomechanical parameters on DT (and UFF formation), together with an outlook for the future research, and new TMCP design for industrial application. This paper also discusses some areas remaining under debate such as the diffusional or displacive mechanism, thermodynamic modeling, and the mechanism for UFF formation, etc.

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Ferrite Grain Size Refinement by Heavy Deformation during Accelerated Cooling in Low-carbon Steel

Cited by 33 publications

References 4 publications

Effect of Copper on Tensile Properties and Grain-Refinement of Steel and its Relation to Precipitation Behavior

Effect of Copper on Tensile Properties and Grain-Refinement of Steel and its Relation to Precipitation Behavior

Coherent-to-Incoherent Transition of Intergranular bcc-precipitates by Pre-/Post-deformations in a Ni-43Cr Alloy

Dynamic Transformation Mechanism for Producing Ultrafine Grained Steels

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