Ferns from the Arroyo Chacay flora (Huitrera Formation, Eocene) Río Negro Province, Argentina

Machado, Matías Agustín; Passalia, Mauro Gabriel; Vera, Ezequiel Ignacio; Yañez, Agustina

doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2023.104892

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 53 publications

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“…Schomb. (mentioned but not illustrated in Carvalho et al, 2013; see also Barreda et al, 2020;Machado et al, 2023), as well as abundant and diverse gymnosperms including Araucariaceae (Wilf et al, 2014;Rossetto-Harris et al, 2020), Podocarpaceae (Wilf et al, 2005a(Wilf et al, , 2017Wilf, 2012Wilf, , 2020Andruchow-Colombo et al, 2019a;Barreda et al, 2020;Pujana et al, 2020), Cupressaceae (Wilf et al, 2009), Ginkgoales (Villar de Seoane et al, 2015), and Zamiaceae (Wilf et al, 2016). Podocarp genera previously reported from the flora include Dacrycarpus (Endl.)…”

Section: Paleofloramentioning

confidence: 99%

A new fossil Acmopyle with accessory transfusion tissue and potential reproductive buds: Direct evidence for ever‐wet rainforests in Eocene Patagonia

Andruchow‐Colombo,

Rossetto‐Harris,

Brodribb

et al. 2023

American J of Botany

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PremiseAcmopyle (Podocarpaceae) comprises two extant species from Oceania that are physiologically restricted to ever‐wet rainforests, a confirmed fossil record based on leaf adpressions and cuticles in Australia since the Paleocene, and a few uncertain reports from New Zealand, Antarctica, and South America. We investigated fossil specimens with Acmopyle affinities from the early Eocene Laguna del Hunco site in Patagonia, Argentina.MethodsWe studied 42 adpression leafy‐shoot fossils and included them in a total evidence phylogenetic analysis.ResultsAcmopyle grayae sp. nov. is based on heterophyllous leafy shoots with three distinct leaf types. Among these, bilaterally flattened leaves uniquely preserve subparallel, linear features that we interpret as accessory transfusion tissue (ATT, an extra‐venous water‐conducting tissue). Some apical morphologies of A. grayae shoots are compatible with the early stages of ovuliferous cone development. Our phylogenetic analysis recovers the new species in a polytomy with the two extant Acmopyle species. We report several types of insect‐herbivory damage. We also transfer Acmopyle engelhardti from the middle Eocene Río Pichileufú flora to Dacrycarpus engelhardti comb. nov.ConclusionsWe confirm the biogeographically significant presence of the endangered West Pacific genus Acmopyle in Eocene Patagonia. Acmopyle is one of the most drought‐intolerant genera in Podocarpaceae, possibly due to the high collapse risk of the ATT, and thus the new fossil species provides physiological evidence for the presence of an ever‐wet rainforest environment at Laguna del Hunco during the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum.

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Section: Paleofloramentioning

confidence: 99%

A new fossil Acmopyle with accessory transfusion tissue and potential reproductive buds: Direct evidence for ever‐wet rainforests in Eocene Patagonia

Andruchow‐Colombo,

Rossetto‐Harris,

Brodribb

et al. 2023

American J of Botany

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Putative Celtis Leaves from Eocene Patagonia are Allied with Asian Anacardiaceae

Wilf,

González,

Gandolfo

et al. 2024

Ameghiniana

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The most common macrofossils in the highly diverse flora from Laguna del Hunco (early Eocene of Chubut, Argentina) are “Celtis” ameghinoi leaves, whose true affinities have remained enigmatic for a century. The species accounts for 14% of all plant fossils in unbiased field counts and bears diverse insect-feeding damage, suggesting high biomass and paleoecological importance. The leaves have well-preserved architecture but lack cuticles or reproductive attachments. We find that the fossils only superficially resemble Celtis and comparable taxa in Cannabaceae, Ulmaceae, Rhamnaceae, Malvaceae, and many other families. However, the distinctive foliar morphology conforms in detail to Dobinea (Anacardiaceae), a genus with two species of shrubs and large herbs ranging from India’s Far East and Tibet to Myanmar and central China, and we propose Dobineaites ameghinoi (E.W. berry) gen et. comb. nov. for the fossils. This discovery strengthens the extensive biogeographic links between Eocene Patagonia and mainland Asia, provides the first fossil record related to Dobinea, and represents a rare Gondwanan macrofossil occurrence of Anacardiaceae, which was widespread and diversified in the Northern Hemisphere at the time. The diverse leaf architecture of Anacardiaceae includes several patterns usually associated with other taxa, and many other leaf fossils in this family may remain misidentified.

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Ferns from the Arroyo Chacay flora (Huitrera Formation, Eocene) Río Negro Province, Argentina

Cited by 2 publications

References 53 publications

A new fossil Acmopyle with accessory transfusion tissue and potential reproductive buds: Direct evidence for ever‐wet rainforests in Eocene Patagonia

A new fossil Acmopyle with accessory transfusion tissue and potential reproductive buds: Direct evidence for ever‐wet rainforests in Eocene Patagonia

Putative Celtis Leaves from Eocene Patagonia are Allied with Asian Anacardiaceae

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