Ferns at the digital herbarium of the Central Siberian Botanical Garden SB RAS

Abstract

According to the data in Index Herbariorum as of 1 December 2020, there are 3426 active herbaria in the world, containing 396,204,891 specimens and 124 herbaria in Russia with more than 16,175,000 specimens. The Central Siberian Botanical Garden of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (CSBG SB RAS, Novosibirsk), founded in 1946, historically has two herbarium collections (NS and NSK). Currently these collections contain about 800,000 herbarium specimens comprising vascular plants, mosses, lichens and fungi gathered from all over the world. Digitisation of the NSK type specimens of vascular plants began in 2014 by using the special scanner Herbscan. In 2018, we started digitisation of the NS and NSK collections by using ObjectScan 1600. Pteridophytes (ferns, lycophytes and their extinct free-sporing relatives) are a diverse group of plants that today comprises approximately 12,900 species and plays a major role in terrestrial ecosystems. All herbarium specimens of ferns, collected over 170 years between 1851 and 2021 and stored in the NS and NSK collections, were digitised in 2021, placed at the CSBG SB RAS digital Herbarium (http://herb.csbg.nsc.ru:8081) and published through GBIF. Twenty families of Polypodiopsida, but not Equisetaceae, were included in this dataset. Family Ophioglossaceae was digitised and published in GBIF as a separate dataset. By August 2021, more than 62,600 specimens with good quality images and fully-captured label transcriptions had been placed at CSBG SB RAS Digital Herbarium. A total of 7,758 records of fern occurrences of 363 taxa in the world with 92% geolocations including 5100 records from Russia with 98.7% geolocations that are new for GBIF.org in 2021 were entered. In the dataset specimens from 43 countries of Europe, Asia, America, Africa and Australia (Oceania), 89% of them from Russia, are presented.

Botanical Scans as a Learning Aid in Plant Identification Courses

“…live specimens, and photography, which are commonly used in identification courses and offer some complementary benefits. Mounted herbarium specimens have been used for plant identification and are stable for decades (Baskauf and Kirchoff 2008;Kovtonyuk et al 2021). However, herbarium specimens have drawbacks.…”

“…Scanning existing herbarium specimens has enhanced access to herbaria via the Internet and has allowed for digital backup of physical specimens (Kovtonyuk et al 2021;Seregin 2016). Scanners used in conjunction with custom software algorithms have been used to estimate leaf area and measure root structure (Easlon and Bloom 2014;Suchoff et al 2017).…”

Penelusuran Spesimen Herbarium Dalam Jaringan

“…Digitalisasi koleksi spesimen ilmiah kini semakin banyak dilakukan (Harris & Marsico, 2017;Heerlien et al, 2015;Kovtonyuk et al, 2021;Powell et al, 2021;Seregin, 2017;Sweeney et al, 2018;Tulig et al, 2012;Younis et al, 2018). Naturalis Biodiversity Center di Belanda dari tahun 2010 hingga 2014 telah melakukan digitalisasi sekitar 3,8 juta koleksi ilmiah dari target sebanyak 3,5 juta koleksi ilmiah (Heerlien et al, 2015).…”

“…Pada tahun 2015 sampai 2016, sebanyak 785.887 spesimen atau sekitar 77,7% dari total koleksi yang ada, telah dipindai di Herbarium Moscow State University (MW) (Seregin, 2017). Sementara itu, Herbarium Arkansas State University (STAR) berhasil memindai sebanyak 17.678 spesimen tumbuhan berbunga (Harris & Marsico, 2017) dan hingga Agustus 2021, Herbarium Central Siberian Botanical Garden berhasil memindai sebanyak 62.600 spesimen tumbuhan paku (Kovtonyuk et al, 2021).…”

Genotyping NS and NSK herbaria specimens of Hedysarum (Fabaceae) using DNA sequencing

“…Every image is pro vided with a colour scale and a scale bar. Digital copies of all scanned Hedysarum specimens are available at CSBG SB RAS Digital Herbarium (http://herb.csbg.nsc.ru:8081) and pub lished as a dataset (Kovtonyuk et al 2022) on the GBIF portal. Names of taxa conform to the World Chec klist of Vascular Plants (WCVP 2022).…”