Fermented soybean meal can partially replace fishmeal and improve the intestinal condition of goldfish juveniles reared in a biofloc system

Abstract

This study evaluated the effects of different dietary inclusion levels of fermented soybean meal (FSM) as replacement for fish meal and their effects on the productive performance and intestinal condition of goldfish (Carassius auratus) produced in biofloc (BFT) system. Five isoproteic (39.5% crude protein) and isoenergetic diets (4250 kcal kg −1 of crude energy) were formulated with FSM inclusion levels of 0%, 7%, 14%, 21% and 28% (0, 11, 22, 32 and 43 fish meal replacement). A total of 400 goldfish (0.25 ± 0.02 g) were weighed and distributed in 20 glass aquariums (15 L). Fish were fed twice daily for 56 days. The diet with FSM inclusion level of 28% reduced the weight gain and the specific growth rate and increased the feed conversion of the goldfish. Diets with FSM inclusion levels of 21% and 28% increased the α-amylase activity in the fish intestine. The diet with FSM inclusion level of 21% increased total height of the intestinal villi of the goldfish. In conclusion, the inclusion of up to 21% of FSM can replace fishmeal without affecting the growth of goldfish juveniles reared in BFT system. Fish fed 21% of FSM showed evidence of improvement in the intestinal health.

Fermentation of Plant-Based Feeds with Lactobacillus acidophilus Improves the Survival and Intestinal Health of Juvenile Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Reared in a Biofloc System

“…During fermentation, digestive and antioxidant enzymes are produced by L. acidophilus [22,82,127], although their contribution to the host's condition is doubtful. Dietary inclusion of fermented ingredients may improve the activity of digestive [35] and antioxidant enzymes in fish [128], but changes in these activities are not always observed [82,102,129]. In this study, it is worth highlighting that enzymatic activity was not negatively affected by any treatment, even by the CPB diet, especially when considering that soybean meal may contain enzyme inhibitors that could have negatively affected the digestive process [130] and antioxidant response [131].…”

“…Several studies have shown that the use of fermented protein sources with LAB has a positive result on fish growth performance and allows higher inclusions of plant-based protein in the diets [6,13,31,32]. Furthermore, fermented plant-based ingredients have been observed to enhance the antioxidant response [33,34], digestive enzymatic activity, gut condition, and intestinal microbiota [35][36][37][38]. On the other hand, few studies have evaluated the complete substitution of fishmeal with fermented ingredients in plant-based diets [14,39,40].…”

The Effects of Dietary Fermented Soybean Meal Supplementation on the Growth, Antioxidation, Immunity, and mTOR Signaling Pathway of Juvenile Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)

“…Samad et al also found that partially replacing FM with FSBM could reduce the feed conversion ratio and improve protein efficiency and digestive enzyme activities of spotted seabass [38]. Cunha et al found that the partial replacement of FM by FSBM could improve the digestive enzyme activity of goldfish (Carassius auratus) [39].…”

Effects of Solid-State Fermented (SSF) Pelleted Feed with Lactobacillus plantarum on Tachysurus fulvidraco: Growth, Digestion, Antioxidant, Immunity, Intestinal Morphology, and Microbiota

“…Previous studies have realized that LAB use sugar as a growth factor to produce metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) during fermentation, which play prebiotic functions. Some studies demonstrated that prebiotics or their metabolites may simulate intestinal villus development [41,42]. For instance, fermented soybean meal could promote the height of fish villus [43].…”