Fermented milk with Lactobacillus curvatus SMFM2016-NK alleviates periodontal and gut inflammation, and alters oral and gut microbiota

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the effect of milk fermented with Lactobacillus curvatus SMFM2016-NK on periodontal diseases and gut health in a rat model. To improve the effect of Lb. curvatus SMFM2016-NK-fermented milk administration for relieving periodontitis, the periodontitis rat models were treated with the following for 4 wk: 10% skim milk (normal), periodontitis + 10% skim milk (negative control), periodontitis + Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG-fermented milk (positive control), and periodontitis + Lb. curvatus SMFM2016-NK-fermented milk (PD+LCFM). Transcriptional analysis of inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10] was performed via quantitative reverse-transcription PCR. The changes in the oral and gut microbiomes after administering Lb. curvatus SMFM2016-NK-fermented milk were analyzed with metagenomics sequencing using DNA extracted from the oral gingival tissues and feces from the cecum of the rat models. After treatment with Lb. curvatus SMFM2016-NK-fermented milk, the relative gene expression levels of TNFA and IL1B in the gingiva decreased in the PD+LCFM group compared with those in the negative control group. In the oral microbiome, the proportion of the phylum Proteobacteria in the PD+LCFM group was lower than that in the negative control after treatment with Lb. curvatus SMFM2016-NK-fermented milk. For the effect in the gut, the relative gene expression levels of inflammatory cytokines in the colon between the normal and negative control groups were not different; however, the expres-sion levels of TNFA and IL1B in the PD+LCFM and positive control groups, respectively, were lower than those in the negative control group. The composition and diversity of the gut microbiome differed among normal, periodontitis, and Lb. curvatus SMFM2016-NK-fermented milk treatment groups. These results indicate that Lb. curvatus SMFM2016-NK-fermented milk could alleviate periodontal and gut inflammation and change oral and gut microbiota.

Probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus EM1107 prevents hyperglycemia, alveolar bone loss, and inflammation in a rat model of diabetes and periodontitis

“…Superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase are some of the enzymes that constitute the antioxidant system and play a key role in the cellular stress regulation. [43][44][45] Although our study is the first experimental study on probiotics to immunohistochemically emphasize such antibodies in a model of periodontitis and DM, Araújo et al 4 showed in an isolated periodontitis model that increased SOD and GPx were also detected in the periodontitis groups. However, as in our work, Met helped to decrease them similarly to the control groups.…”

“…An in vivo study observed that this probiotic effectively suppressed bone loss in a mouse model of induced periodontal disease 21 . Likewise, clinical studies in humans have demonstrated improvements in periodontal parameters after the use of this probiotic, suggesting that its use may be beneficial in reducing pathogenic bacteria and/or serving as an anti‐inflammatory adjuvant 22,23 …”

“…21 Likewise, clinical studies in humans have demonstrated improvements in periodontal parameters after the use of this probiotic, suggesting that its use may be beneficial in reducing pathogenic bacteria and/or serving as an anti-inflammatory adjuvant. 22,23 In terms of drug therapy, the main prescribed drug for DM is metformin (Met), an antihyperglycemic agent that has slow and incomplete absorption after oral administration. 4 Experimental studies showed that this drug inhibited DM's harmful effects on bone tissue through osteoblastic cell differentiation, 4,24 in addition to decreasing inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and alveolar bone loss in ligature-induced periodontitis in rats.…”

Orally administratedLactobacillus gasseriTM13 andLactobacillus crispatusLG55 Can Restore the Vaginal Health of Patients Recovering from Bacterial Vaginosis

“…Oral administration of L. gasseri CECT5714 increases the production of SCFAs in the intestine (Olivares et al, 2006) and SCFAs exert anti-inflammatory effects by modulating the levels of PGE, cytokines, and chemokines (Cox et al, 2009). In addition, consuming fermented milk containing L. crispatus SMFM2016-NK can effectively reduce the expression levels of intestinal TNFα and IL-1β (Choi et al, 2021). Therefore, L. gasseri TM13 and L. crispatus LG55 may also exert their effects on the improvement of vaginal health by reducing systemic inflammation through immunomodulatory effects in the intestine.…”

Probiotics-Mediated Bioconversion and Periodontitis

“…Various studies have reported that PMB regulates periodontal disease. Recent research presented that an administration of fermented milk using Lactobacillus curvatus to periodontitis-induced mice leads to a significant decrease of the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines in the oral gingiva tissue and colon tissue compared to control group ( Choi et al, 2021 ). Also, randomized clinical trial was performed to confirm the effect of PMB with fermented bovine milk in periodontal disease, and papillary-marginal-attached index, gingival index, and probing depth score of the experimental group showed greater tendency than those of placebo group ( Oda et al, 2019 ).…”