Fermented barley and soybean (BS) mixture enhances intestinal barrier function in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model

Abstract

BackgroundInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by chronic or relapsing immune system activation and inflammation within the gastrointestinal tract. The lack of safety and efficacy of standard therapies, the use of food supplements for managing IBD is increasing, and many studies have reported that various food supplements provide many beneficial effects for the IBD.MethodsThis study aimed to evaluate the anti-colitis effects of dietary supplementation with a fermented barley and soybean mixture (BS) on intestinal inflammation using a murine model of IBD. Female C57BL/6 mice were administered with either BS (100 and 200 mg/kg/day) or vehicle (PBS) control through oral gavages for 3 days and received 5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) drinking water to induce colitis. Mice body weight was measured every two days and disease activity index (DAI) score was determined on Day 15; mice were sacrificed and colons were analyzed by H & E staining and RT-PCR. We also measured intestinal barrier function in vitro using DSS-treated Caco-2 cells by assessing ZO-1 immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting and in vivo by measuring serum level of FITC-Dextran and by performing bacteria culture from mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) extract. The gut microbiota was examined by real time PCR using fecal DNA.ResultsWe found that BS alleviated the severity of colitis in a DSS-induced colitis mouse model, and suppressed levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in colonic tissue. Moreover, BS prevented epithelial barrier dysfunction, inducing an increase of tight junction protein levels in colonic tissues, BS also inhibited FITC-dextran permeability, and suppressed bacterial translocation to MLNs. In addition, BS increased the levels of Lactobacilli and Bacteroides, which have anti-inflammatory properties.ConclusionOur study suggests that BS has protective roles against inflammatory bowel disease through changes in inflammatory activity, tight junction protein expression, and gut microbiota composition in DSS-induced colitis.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-016-1479-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Potential of myricetin to restore the immune balance in dextran sulfate sodium-induced acute murine ulcerative colitis

“…Integrity of intestinal barrier is pivotal for the homeostasis of intestinal immune system. [30][31][32][33] In the current study, myricetin treatment (80 mg/kg) significantly decreased the serum level of complement component 3, but significantly increased the expression levels of tight junction genes, claudin and occludins, in UC mice. These data together suggested that Figure 5 qPCR was used to determine the relative expression levels of gene claudin (a) and occluding (b).…”

“…And it has been proposed that intestinal permeability contributes to the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis. Integrity of intestinal barrier is pivotal for the homeostasis of intestinal immune system . In the current study, myricetin treatment (80 mg/kg) significantly decreased the serum level of complement component 3, but significantly increased the expression levels of tight junction genes, claudin and occludins, in UC mice.…”

Fucose Ameliorates Tryptophan Metabolism and Behavioral Abnormalities in a Mouse Model of Chronic Colitis

“…A DSS-induced chronic colitis mouse model was previously reported to recapitulate a number of key processes characteristic to the clinical manifestations of such complex disease as IBD [4]. These include diarrhea, weight loss, intestinal inflammation, immune cells infiltration, and high pro-inflammatory cytokine expression levels during the acute phase of the developing colitis, intestinal barrier disruption, changes in the microflora composition, and some aspects of neurological disorders [5][6][7][8][9]. It has been shown that pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines play a major role in the development of IBD.…”

Diet, food components and the intestinal barrier

“…Similarly, a mixture of fermented barley and soybean reduced the severity of colitis in a DSS mouse model, reduced FITC‐dextran permeability and increased occludin and claudin‐1 expression (Woo et al . ). L. plantarum ZS2058 producing conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) decreased TNFα, IL‐1β and IL‐6 and increased levels of anti‐inflammatory PPARγ and IL‐10 in a DSS mouse model (Wang et al .…”

“…Caco-2 monolayers co-cultured with differentiated THP-1 cells (macrophages) exposed to LPS and TNFa decreased TEER; however, combination of the probiotic L. plantarum and mannan-oligosaccharides restored TEER, increased IL-6 and -10 levels and decreased TNFa production (Brufau et al 2016). Similarly, a mixture of fermented barley and soybean reduced the severity of colitis in a DSS mouse model, reduced FITC-dextran permeability and increased occludin and claudin-1 expression (Woo et al 2016). L. plantarum ZS2058 producing conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) decreased TNFa, IL-1b and IL-6 and increased levels of antiinflammatory PPARc and IL-10 in a DSS mouse model (Wang et al 2016).…”