“…(Singhania et al, 2013). By implementing appropriate methods, VFA can be also converted to alcohols (Uyar et al, 2009), biohydrogen (Srikanth et al, 2009) bioplastics (Cai et al, 2009;Venkata Mohan et al, 2010;Reddy et al, 2012;Amulya et al, 2014), microalgal lipids (Venkata Mohan and Devi, 2012), bioeletricity (Mohanakrishna et al, 2010), aldehydes (Spirito et al, 2014;Silva et al, 2013), etc. and are also used as preservatives in food and beverage industry and in the synthesis of pharmaceutical/chemicals.…”