Fermentation of pentose sugars to ethanol and other neutral products by microorganisms

Rosenberg, S. L.

doi:10.1016/0141-0229(80)90045-9

Cited by 108 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…This is in agreement with the finding that all pentose-fermenting, ethanol-producing bacteria appear to use a combination of the pentose phosphate and fructose-l,6-bisphosphate pathways (Rosenberg 1980). Figure 6 and Table 4 show additionally that in changing from aerobic to fermentation conditions carbohydrate metabolism was shifted in favour of fructose-l,6-bisphosphate pathway.…”

Section: Nonesupporting

confidence: 85%

Metabolism of hexoses and pentoses by Cellulomonas uda under aerobic conditions and during fermentation

Marschoun¹,

Rapp²,

Wagner³

1987

Can. J. Microbiol.

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MARSCHOUN, S., RAPP, P., and WAGNER, F. 1987. Metabolism of hexoses and pentoses by Cellulomonas uda under aerobic conditions and during fermentation. Can. J. Microbiol. 33: 1024-103 1. Cellulomonas uda utilized the constituent carbohydrates of cellulose and hemicellulose under aerobic conditions and during fermentation. Balances of fermentation of cellobiose, glucose, xylose, 1,-arabinose, mannose, galactose, fructose, and sucrose were determined. Products formed were ethanol, L-lactic acid, acetic acid, formic acid, and succinic acid. In contrast to acetic acid, a small amount of succinic acid was utilized under aerobic conditions but only together with glucose. Ethanol was not consumed either under aerobic conditions or during fermentation. The rate of both glucose uptake and lactic acid excretion during fermentation increased with increasing initial pH values of 7 to 9. The intracellular concentration of ethanol at the end of glucose fermentation was 20 times higher than that in the culture supernatant. Switching from aerobic to fermentation conditions increased specific activities of fructose-6-phosphate kinase and fructose-l,6-bisphosphate aldolase, both key enzymes of the fructose-1,6-bisphosphate pathway, whereas those of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, key enzymes of the pentose phosphate cycle, were not affected significantly. Of the enzymes involved in pyruvic acid metabolism, pyruvate formate lyase, L-lactate dehydrogenase, and alcohol dehydrogenase were demonstrated in cell-free extracts. Fructose-l,6-bisphosphate had an activating effect on L-lactate dehydrogenase. Alcohol dehydrogenase was inhibited competitively by high concentrations of ethanol and noncompetitively by NAD.MARSCHOUN, S., RAPP, P., et WAGNER, F. 1987. Metabolism of hexoses and pentoses by Cellulomonas uda under aerobic conditions and during fermentation. Can. J. Microbiol. 33 : 1024-103 1 . Le Cellulomonas uda utilise les constituants hydrocarbonCs de la cellulose et des hCmicelluloses, tant en condition aCrobique qu'en condition de fermentation. Les produits rCsultant des fermentations ont Ct C dCterminCs pour les substances suivantes: le cellobiose, le glucose, le xylose, le L-arabinose, le mannose, le galactose, le fructose et le sucrose. Les produits formCs furent: de l'Cthanol, de l'acide L-lactique, de l'acide acCtique, de I'acide formique et de l'acide succinique. Sous condition aerobique, l'acide succinique, contrairement it l'acide acCtique, a Ct C utilisC en petites quantitCs, mais seulement en conjonction avec du glucose. L'Cthanol n'a Ct C utilisC ni sous condition aCrobique ni sous condition de fermentation. Au cours des fermentations, les taux d'absorption de glucose et d'excrktion d'acide lactique ont augment6 en meme temps que les valeurs initiales de pH sont passkes de 7 it 9. La concentration d'Cthanol intracellulaire au terme des fermentations fut 20 fois supkrieure it celle des sumageants en culture. Le passage des conditions akrobiques it celles de fermentation s'est trad...

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Section: Nonesupporting

confidence: 85%

Metabolism of hexoses and pentoses by Cellulomonas uda under aerobic conditions and during fermentation

Marschoun¹,

Rapp²,

Wagner³

1987

Can. J. Microbiol.

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“…Cellulose is a high-molecularweight, insoluble, p-1,4-linked polymer of glucose, whereas hemicelluloses are alkali-soluble heteropolymers of xylose, arabinose, galactose, mannose, and glucuronic acid. 3 It is considered to be necessary to utilize all these materials present in the biomass for the development of an economically feasible process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusarium oxysporum: Status in Bioethanol Production

Singh

Kumar

1991

Critical Reviews in Biotechnology

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Fermentation of lignocellulosic materials to ethanol and other solvents provides an alternative way of treating wastes and producing chemical feedstocks and fuel additives. Considerable efforts have been made in past 10 years to improve the process based on lignocellulosic biomass and hydrolysate that contains a complex mixture of sugars, decomposition products of sugars, and sometimes the inhibitory levels of soluble lignin. Despite the relative abundance of D-xylose in crop and forest residues it has not been found efficiently fermentable by most of the microorganisms. Recent research has revealed that D-xylose may be fermented to ethanol and organic acids. Recently, several strains of Fusarium oxysporum have been found to have potential for converting not only D-xylose, but also cellulose to ethanol in a one-step process. Distinguishing features of F. oxysporum for ethanol production in comparison to other organisms are identified. These include the advantage of in situ cellulase production and cellulose fermentation, pentose fermentation, and the tolerance of sugars and ethanol. The main disadvantage is the slow conversion rate when compared with yeast.

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“…Pentoses are metabolized intracellularly by a combination of phosphorylation, isomerization, and epimerization, and the resulting phosphorylated intermediates are converted to fructose 6-phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate by transaldolase and transketolase ( Figure 2B; [44,162]. Corresponding enzymes and genes have been found in clostridia and related strains [163][164][165][166][167][168]455].…”

Section: Uptake and Metabolism Of Carbohydratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

General Biology and Physiology

Mitchell

2001

Clostridia

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Fermentation of pentose sugars to ethanol and other neutral products by microorganisms

Cited by 108 publications

References 41 publications

Metabolism of hexoses and pentoses by Cellulomonas uda under aerobic conditions and during fermentation

Metabolism of hexoses and pentoses by Cellulomonas uda under aerobic conditions and during fermentation

Fusarium oxysporum: Status in Bioethanol Production

General Biology and Physiology

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