Fermentation of NaHCO3-treated corn germ meal by Bacillus velezensis CL-4 promotes lignocellulose degradation and nutrient utilization

Chen, Long; Chen, Wanying; Zheng, Bin; Yu, Wei; Zheng, Lin; Qu, Zi-Hui; Yan, Xiaogang; Wei, Bai; Zhao, Zijian

doi:10.1007/s00253-022-12130-7

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…CGM is one of the alternative protein feeds to SBM, but its high fiber content, low crude protein content, and amino acid imbalance limit its application in livestock diets (Zhang et al 2019b ). Our previous study reported that the pretreatment of CGM with sodium bicarbonate effectively solves the problem of low pH caused by corn wet milling, and improves the fermentation rate and nutritional composition of CGM (Chen et al 2022 ). For instance, our process significantly improved the number of viable bacteria, enzymes (cellulase, xylanase, β-mannanase, amylase, and protease), peptides, fatty acids, and other active metabolites in CGM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…B.velezensis CL-4, examined in this study, is an intestinal bacterium isolated from chicken cecal contents and has non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) degradation activity. In the poultry cecum, most contents are undigested starch and NSP that are fermented by microorganisms or residual digestive enzymes to complete the digestion process (Chen et al 2022 ). Some B. velezensis strains, such as GH1-13 (Kim et al 2017 ), FZB42 (Chowdhury et al 2015 ) and LS69 (Liu et al 2017 ), are symbiotic rhizobacteria that can hydrolyze a series of polysaccharides, proteins and other compounds, which help their colonization in the rhizosphere.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CGM was purchased from Gongzhuling Wellhope Animal Husbandry Co., LTD. The culture and activation of B. velezensis CL-4 and the selection and pretreatment of CGM were performed as described previously (Chen et al 2022 ). Before fermentation, CGM was pretreated with sodium bicarbonate to neutralize pH at about 7.0.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our previous study, we applied sodium bicarbonate pretreatment and B. velezensis CL-4 fermentation to effectively improve the nutritional values of CGM. Notably, the degradation rates of cellulose and hemicellulose of CGM were 20.33% and 71.35%, respectively (Chen et al 2022 ). In recent years, microbial fermentation has become an effective way to improve the utilization rate and nutritional quality of plant protein feed (Olukomaiya et al 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative genomic and transcriptome analysis of Bacillus velezensis CL-4 fermented corn germ meal

Chen

et al. 2023

AMB Expr

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Bacillus, an excellent organic-degrading agent, can degrade lignocellulose. Notably, some B. velezensis strains encode lignocellulases. However, their ability to degrade lignocellulose in fermented feed is not much appreciated. This study performed a comparative genomic analysis of twenty-three B. velezensis strains to find common carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) encoding genes and evaluated their potential to degrade lignocellulose. The comparative genomic and CAZyme database-based analyses identified several potential CAZymes genes that degrade cellulose (GH1, GH4, GH5, GH13, GH16, GH32, PL1, and PL9), hemicellulose (GH11, GH26, GH43, GH51, and CE3) and lignin (AA4, AA6, AA7, and AA10). Furthermore, Illumina RNA-seq transcriptome analysis revealed the expression of more than 1794 genes in B. velezensis CL-4 fermented corn germ meal at 48 h (FCGM 48 h). Gene ontology analysis of expressed genes revealed their enrichment in hydrolase activity (breaking the glycosyl bonds during carbohydrate metabolism), indicating the upregulation of CAZymes. In total, 58 differentially upregulated CAZymes-encoding genes were identified in FCGM 48 h compared to FCGM 0 h. The upregulated CAZymes-encoding genes were related to cellulose (6-phospho-β-galactosidase and 6-phospho-α-glucosidase), starch (α-glucosidase and α-amylase), pectin (pectin lyase), and hemicellulose (arabinan endo-1,5-α-L-arabinosidase, xylan 1,4-beta-xylosidase, α-N-arabinofuranosidase, and acetyl xylan esterase). Importantly, arabinoxylan degradation mainly occurred in FCGM 48 h, followed by partial degradation of cellulose, pectin, and starch. This study can support the development of enzymatic cocktails for the solid-state fermented feed (SFF).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative genomic and transcriptome analysis of Bacillus velezensis CL-4 fermented corn germ meal

Chen

et al. 2023

AMB Expr

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“…33 Fatty acids affect both the favor and the taste of fermented food; meanwhile, 16-hydroxypalmitic acid, one of the most abundant fatty acids in alcoholic beverages, is critical in early human development, while linoleic acid can reduce blood cholesterol and prevent atherosclerosis. 34…”

Section: Improvement Of Metabolomic Profiles After Fermentation By Mi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cofermentation of Cottonseed Meal by the Synergistic Action of Microbial Flora with Protease and Its Metabolic Kinetic

Ni,

Zhao,

et al. 2024

ACS Food Sci. Technol.

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Cottonseed meal (CSM), a high-protein-content waste from the cottonseed oil industry, shows potential application as an animal feeding resource, which is hindered by its endogenous antinutritional factor (free gossypol). Microbial fermentation of CSM by the synergistic action of Bacillus subtilis, kefir flora, and alkaline protease was applied for CSM property improvement, including free gossypol removal, protein solubility, and bioactive compounds content in the present study. A maximal extent of 78% for free gossypol removal and an increase of total soluble protein content to 58.11% were achieved under the optimal fermentation conditions obtained via BBD-RSM design. The volatile base nitrogen reduction and bioactive peptides synthesis were also observed in the fermented CSM. The analysis results of metabolomics and metagenomics by integrated metabolomics and metagenomics techniques indicated the microorganism consortium secreted multiple enzymes for proteolysis and resulted in the variation of metabolite composition which was involved in the metabolisms of carboxylic acids, benzene, glycerophospholipid, allyl alcohol lipids, steroids, flavonoids, phenols, and their derivatives. The fermented CSM also showed improved angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibition (86.72%) and antioxidant activities (87.51%) which might be due to the bioactive compounds generated by the cooperation of B. subtilis and kefir flora.

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Inactivation and process intensification of β-glucosidase in biomass utilization

Meng

et al. 2023

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Fermentation of NaHCO3-treated corn germ meal by Bacillus velezensis CL-4 promotes lignocellulose degradation and nutrient utilization

Cited by 8 publications

References 81 publications

Comparative genomic and transcriptome analysis of Bacillus velezensis CL-4 fermented corn germ meal

Comparative genomic and transcriptome analysis of Bacillus velezensis CL-4 fermented corn germ meal

Cofermentation of Cottonseed Meal by the Synergistic Action of Microbial Flora with Protease and Its Metabolic Kinetic

Inactivation and process intensification of β-glucosidase in biomass utilization

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