Fermentation of animal components in strict carnivores: A comparative study with cheetah fecal inoculum1,2

Depauw, Sarah; Bosch, G.; Hesta, Myriam; Whitehouse‐Tedd, Katherine; Hendriks, W.H.; Kaandorp, Jacques; Janssens, Geert

doi:10.2527/jas.2011-4377

Cited by 27 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…The content of dietary fibre has been associated with increased concentrations of dogs’ faecal SCFAs, including butyrate in one study [11], although a similar association has not been observed in other studies [61, 62]. An in-vitro study using faecal samples from cheetahs demonstrated that cartilage entering the large intestine may have a similar effect on the SCFA profile as plant fibre [63]. However, dogs in the present study received boiled minced beef consisting primarily of muscle and adipose tissue presumed to have a low content of cartilage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A diet change from dry food to beef induces reversible changes on the faecal microbiota in healthy, adult client-owned dogs

et al. 2017

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BackgroundDiet has a major influence on the composition of the gut microbiota, whose importance for gut health and overall well-being is increasingly recognized. Knowledge is limited regarding health implications, including effects on the faecal microbiota, of feeding a diet with high content of red meat to dogs, despite some owners’ apparent preference to do so. The aim of this study was to evaluate how a diet change from commercial dry food to one with a high content of boiled minced beef and vice versa influenced the faecal microbiota, and short chain fatty acid profile in healthy, adult, client-owned dogs.ResultsThe diet change influenced the faecal microbiota composition and diversity (Shannon diversity index). The most abundant OTUs in samples of dogs fed the dry food and high minced beef were affiliated with the species Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Clostridia hiranonis respectively. The high minced beef diet apparently also influenced the short chain fatty acid profile, with increased isovaleric acid, as well as an increase in faecal pH. These effects were reversed when the commercial dry food was reintroduced in weeks 6 and 7.ConclusionsResults of this study can aid in the understanding of how diet changes influence the faecal microbiota and metabolite content on a short-term basis. Long-term studies are required to investigate potential implications for canine gut and general health.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12917-017-1073-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A diet change from dry food to beef induces reversible changes on the faecal microbiota in healthy, adult client-owned dogs

et al. 2017

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“…Although it has been recognised that animal tissues provide substrate for fermentation (i.e. animal fibre ( 18 , 19 ) ), their role in gut health has not been fully elucidated, and little is known about their impacts on microbial populations. The EXT diet tested herein included multiple ingredients that would contribute to the dietary fibre fraction, including beet pulp and fructooligosaccharides, which likely contributed to the differences in microbial populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, commercially available 1–3-d-old chicks (CHI) are approximately 72–76 % CP, 16–20 % fat and <5 % nitrogen-free extract ( 14 , 15 ) . Previous studies have shown that extruded and whole-prey diets differ in digestibility as well as macronutrient composition ( 14 – 17 ) , and this may alter the fermentable substrates that are available to the gastrointestinal microbiota for fermentation ( 18 , 19 ) . The objective of the present study was to compare the faecal microbiota of cats fed an EXT chicken-based diet to those fed commercially available whole CHI.…”

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confidence: 99%

Faecal microbiota of domestic cats fed raw whole chicksv.an extruded chicken-based diet

2014

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Extruded cat foods differ greatly in macronutrient distribution compared with wild-type diets (i.e. small mammals, reptiles, birds and insects). Based on the literature, this variability likely impacts faecal microbial populations. A completely randomised design was utilised to test the impacts of two dietary treatments on faecal microbial populations: (1) chicken-based extruded diet (EXT; n 3 cats) and (2) raw 1–3-d-old chicks (CHI; n 5 cats). Cats were adapted to diets for 10 d. Bacterial DNA was isolated from faecal samples and amplicons of the 16S rRNA V4–V6 region were generated and analysed by 454 pyrosequencing. Faeces of cats fed CHI had greater (P < 0·05) proportions of the following bacterial genera: unidentified Lachnospiraceae (15 v. 5 %), Peptococcus (9 v. 3 %) and Pseudobutyrivibrio (4 v. 1 %). Faeces of cats fed EXT had greater (P < 0·05) proportions of Faecalibacterium (1·0 v. 0·2 %) and Succinivibrio (1·2 v. < 0·1 %). Five genera, including Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, were present in a majority of samples (two to three out of three) from cats fed EXT, but were not detected in the samples (zero of five) for cats fed CHI. These shifts in faecal bacterial populations compared with feeding a whole-prey diet may impact the functional capacities of the microbiota and its interaction with the host. Further research is warranted to determine the impacts of these shifts on long-term health of domestic cats.

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“…In contrast, the concentration of faecal valeric acid increased for the HPGM diet. It has been shown in previous studies that there are differences between protein sources in terms of fermentation end products [44], which result in higher proportions of valeric and acetic acids in the canine colon arising from the fermentation of undigested proteins [45]. Acetic acid is produced and excreted by the fermentation activities of acetic acid producing bacteria (e.g., Acetobacter , B .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of diets with a high content of greaves-meal protein or carbohydrates on faecal characteristics, volatile fatty acids and faecal calprotectin concentrations in healthy dogs

et al. 2013

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BackgroundResearch suggests that dietary composition influences gastrointestinal function and bacteria-derived metabolic products in the dog colon. We previously reported that dietary composition impacts upon the faecal microbiota of healthy dogs. This study aims at evaluating the dietary influences on bacteria-derived metabolic products associated with the changes in faecal microbiota that we had previously reported. We fed high-carbohydrate starch based (HCS), [crude protein: 194 g/kg, starch: 438 g/kg], high-protein greaves-meal (HPGM), [crude protein: 609 g/kg, starch: 54 g/kg] and dry commercial (DC), [crude protein: 264 g/kg, starch: 277 g/kg] diets, and studied their effects on the metabolism of the colonic microbiota and faecal calprotectin concentrations in five Beagle dogs, allocated according to the Graeco-Latin square design. Each dietary period lasted for three weeks and was crossed-over with washout periods. Food intake, body weight, and faecal consistency scores, dry matter, pH, ammonia, volatile fatty acids (VFAs), and faecal canine calprotectin concentrations were determined.ResultsFaecal ammonia concentrations decreased with the HCS diet. All dogs fed the HPGM diet developed diarrhoea, which led to differences in faecal consistency scores between the diets. Faecal pH was higher with the HPGM diet. Moreover, decreases in propionic and acetic acids coupled with increases in branched-chain fatty acids and valeric acid caused changes in faecal total VFAs in dogs on the HPGM diet. Faecal canine calprotectin concentration was higher with the HPGM diet and correlated positively with valeric acid concentration.ConclusionsThe HPGM diet led to diarrhoea in all dogs, and there were differences in faecal VFA profiles and faecal canine calprotectin concentrations.

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Fermentation of animal components in strict carnivores: A comparative study with cheetah fecal inoculum1,2

Cited by 27 publications

References 37 publications

A diet change from dry food to beef induces reversible changes on the faecal microbiota in healthy, adult client-owned dogs

A diet change from dry food to beef induces reversible changes on the faecal microbiota in healthy, adult client-owned dogs

Faecal microbiota of domestic cats fed raw whole chicksv.an extruded chicken-based diet

Impact of diets with a high content of greaves-meal protein or carbohydrates on faecal characteristics, volatile fatty acids and faecal calprotectin concentrations in healthy dogs

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