Fenitrothion induced oxidative stress and morphological alterations of sperm and testes in male sprague-dawley rats

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:Fenitrothion residue is found primarily in soil, water and food products and can lead to a variety of toxic effects on the immune, hepatobiliary and hematological systems. However, the effects of fenitrothion on the male reproductive system remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of fenitrothion on the sperm and testes of male Sprague-Dawley rats.METHODS:A 20 mg/kg dose of fenitrothion was administered orally by gavages for 28 consecutive days. Blood sample was obtained by cardiac puncture and dissection of the testes and cauda epididymis was performed to obtain sperm. The effects of fenitrothion on the body and organ weight, biochemical and oxidative stress, sperm characteristics, histology and ultrastructural changes in the testes were evaluated.RESULTS:Fenitrothion significantly decreased the body weight gain and weight of the epididymis compared with the control group. Fenitrothion also decreased plasma cholinesterase activity compared with the control group. Fenitrothion altered the sperm characteristics, such as sperm concentration, sperm viability and normal sperm morphology, compared with the control group. Oxidative stress markers, such as malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, total glutathione and glutathione S-transferase, were significantly increased and superoxide dismutase activity was significantly decreased in the fenitrothion-treated group compared with the control group. The histopathological and ultrastructural examination of the testes of the fenitrothion-treated group revealed alterations corresponding with the biochemical changes compared with the control group.CONCLUSION:A 20 mg/kg dose of fenitrothion caused deleterious effects on the sperm and testes of Sprague-Dawley rats.

Aqueous and ethanol extracts ofDracaena arborea(Wild) Link (Dracaenaceae) alleviate reproductive complications of diabetes mellitus in rats

“…In this study, testicular and epididymal sections of untreated diabetics showed several structural alterations. Vacuolization and decrease in Sertoli and germ cells observed in this study in diabetic rats corroborated with the results obtained by Creasy () and Taib et al () who considered this feature as the result of degeneration of germ cells through apoptosis or necrosis induced by any toxicants. Moreover, the disorganisation, the reduction of germ cells and the seminiferous epithelial height could be attributed to the decrease in the cell proliferation into the tubules due to the lower hormonal secretion of gonadotropin, testosterone and insulin levels (Ballester et al, ; Kianifard, Hassanzadeh, Sadrkhanlo, & Farshid, ; Schoeller, Albanna, Frolova, & Moley, ).…”

Modulatory effect of Turnera diffusa against testicular toxicity induced by fenitrothion and/or hexavalent chromium in rats

“…Similar histological observations were reported in testes of rats treated with chlorpyrifos‐ethyl . Also, Taib et al showed that FNT induced deleterious effects on rat testes and sperm . Agarwal and Allamaneni reported that ROS induced apoptosis which helps in the removal of testis's abnormal germ cells and prohibit their production through caspases activation and this explained the germ and Leydig's cells degeneration found in the seminiferous tubule and interstitial tissues of the fenitrothion treated rats .…”

Low-dose Nicotine Exposure Induced the Oxidative Damage of Reproductive Organs and Altered the Sperm Characteristics of Adolescent Male Rats

“…The oxidative damage and the morphological alterations of the testes are associated with the reduction in sperm quality (32). The prostate secretes fluids that make up the semen and provides nutrient to the sperm.…”