Fencing

Bottoms, Lindsay; Cawdron, Robert; Kemp, Stephen J.; Oates, Luke

doi:10.4324/9781003045281-57

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Fencing training throughout all levels is often mixed, with segregation mainly during competition. If policies enforce sex segregation throughout all levels of the sport, then local fencing clubs may not survive, as it is a small niche sport [ 30 ].…”

Section: Open or Third Gender Categorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, competitive fencers typically exhibit maximal oxygen uptake values within the range of ~50–60 mL.kg −1 .min −1 for men [ 25 ] and ~40–50 mL.kg −1 .min −1 for women [ 29 ]. The mean estimated oxygen cost of both foil and épée competition has been found to be between 56 and 74% maximal oxygen uptake [ 30 ] with average heart rate (HR) values as high as 96% of maximal heart rate (HRmax [ 28 ]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Participation of Trans Women in Competitive Fencing and Implications on Fairness: A Physiological Perspective Narrative Review

Tidmas,

Halsted,

Cohen

et al. 2023

Sports

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Debate has surrounded whether the participation of trans women in female sporting categories is fair, specifically the retained male physiological advantage due to increased testosterone compared to cisgender females. Recently, individual sporting organisations have been investigating and assessing policies regarding trans women athlete participation in female categories, resulting in several banning participation. This review aims to discuss the scientific evidence and provide appropriate guidance for the inclusion of trans women in elite competitive female fencing categories. Fencing is an intermittent sport, where competitions can span 1 to 3 days. The lunge is the most common movement used to attack opponents, where a successful hit relies on the speed of the action. Male puberty induced increased circulating testosterone promotes a greater stature, cardiovascular function, muscle mass, and strength compared to cisgender females, culminating in a ~12–40% sport performance advantage. Elite cisgender male fencers perform significantly higher, ~17–30%, jump heights and leg power measures compared to elite cisgender female fencers, resulting in faster lunges. Trans women receiving androgen-suppression therapy for 12 months showed significant reductions in strength, lean body mass, and muscle surface area, but even after 36 months, the measurements of these three indices remained above those for cisgender females. Previous male muscle mass and strength can be retained through continuation of resistance training. The literature reviewed shows that there is a retained physiological advantage for trans women who have undergone male puberty when participating in the elite competitive female fencing category. A proposed solution of an open or third gender category for elite fencing competition promotes fair competition, while allowing trans women to compete in their chosen sport.

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Section: Open or Third Gender Categorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Participation of Trans Women in Competitive Fencing and Implications on Fairness: A Physiological Perspective Narrative Review

Tidmas,

Halsted,

Cohen

et al. 2023

Sports

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Over the years, the top competitions in the world have also been conducted in China, increasing the country's power to raise the level of competition and giving the country a great chance to grow its sports commercialization, which has had positive economic effects. However, there are still several issues that slow down the commercialization of sports and prevent it from progressing quickly [1]. The following are the key ones:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Commercialization of Fencing

Yin

2023

AEMPS

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With the rapid development of China's economy and the improvement of people's living standards, sports activities have been appreciated by more and more people. The sports economy is thriving and is increasingly given widespread attention and importance to society. The fencing industry has also injected fresh blood for the development of the sport economy. The sport of fencing essentially combines elements of entertainment, business, and fitness, while at the same time has emerged as a potential business target for major brand corporations. Analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of fencing commercialization and proposing related solutions that will benefit the future development and further commercialization of the fencing industry. This essay thoroughly examines how fencing sports could help industrialization progress and offers a theoretical foundation for fencing sport promotion in China. This research paper uses case-analyzing and literature studying to fulfill this research work. In conclusion, the commercialization of fencing has lots of potential and still in progress. A key aspect of training and development of sports commercialization is to have professional talent to adapt to the needs of sports development. The second is the need to carry out international exchanges and cooperation to find the development response suitable for China.

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Fencing

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

The Participation of Trans Women in Competitive Fencing and Implications on Fairness: A Physiological Perspective Narrative Review

The Participation of Trans Women in Competitive Fencing and Implications on Fairness: A Physiological Perspective Narrative Review

Analysis of Commercialization of Fencing

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