Femur Fractures in French Winter Sports Resorts

Laporte, JD; Binet, M. H.; Constans, D

doi:10.1520/stp12366s

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…There is evidence that a greater ski length increases the likelihood of sustaining an ACL injury 6 8 9. In line with these studies, we also found an increasing likelihood of sustaining an ACL injury with increasing ski length in the multiple regression analysis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Previous research has shown that ski geometry may be related to ACL injury risk. For example, a greater ski length increases the likelihood of sustaining an ACL injury,6 8 9 but the mean side-cut radius has not differed significantly between ACL injured and uninjured recreational skiers 9. Because the side-cut radius of a ski depends on the widths of the tip, waist and tail, it is possible that skis of the same lengths and side-cut radius differ within the three width dimensions 10.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of ski geometry data and standing height ratio on the ACL injury risk and its use for prevention in recreational skiers

et al. 2022

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ObjectivesTo evaluate the impact of ski geometry data and standing height ratio on anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk of male and female recreational skiers.MethodsA retrospective questionnaire-based, case–control study of ACL-injured and uninjured recreational skiers was conducted during six consecutive winter seasons. Ski geometry data (ski length, side-cut radius, widths of the tip, waist and tail) were recorded from each participant’s skis. Standing heights at the front and rear components of the ski binding were measured with a digital sliding calliper, and the standing height ratio between the front and rear was calculated.ResultsA total of 1817 recreational skiers participated in this study, of whom 392 (21.6%) sustained an ACL injury. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicates a higher age, a lower skill level and riskier behaviour as independent individual risk factors associated with an ACL injury. An increase in ski length, tip width of the ski, standing height at the rear ski binding component, and in standing height ratio were found to be independent equipment-related risk factors for an ACL injury.ConclusionReduced ski length, narrower ski tip width, lower rear standing height and a lower standing height ratio (ie, rear component of the ski binding is more elevated compared with the front component) were associated with a reduced likelihood for ACL injury. When buying or renting skis, these parameters could be considered to reduce the likelihood of ACL injury in recreational skiers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of ski geometry data and standing height ratio on the ACL injury risk and its use for prevention in recreational skiers

et al. 2022

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Femur and Tibial Plateau Fractures in Alpine Skiing

Shealy

Ettlinger

2003

Skiing Trauma and Safety: Fourteenth Volume

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For the past 29 ski seasons, the authors have prospectively tracked skiing injuries at the Sugarbush resort in northern Vermont. This study updates two previous papers on femur and tibial plateau fracture (TPF) injuries in alpine skiing. We examined the etiology and biomechanics of the femur and tibial plateau fracture injury groups, and the demographics of the population at risk. Total skier visits equals 5 912 735, the total number of injuries equals 16 790; femur fractures equals 67, tibial plateau fractures equals 88. Femur fractures: There has been no significant change in MDBI (Mean Days Between Injury) for femur fractures. No significant changes were found in skier demographics, or injury mechanism, from our previous study. Collisions with trees or other objects remain the principal mechanism of injury. Femur fractures are predominantly male injuries. Femur injured skiers are younger and lighter than the population at risk. Femur-injured skiers reported that they skied faster at the time of injury than those in the “all-other-injury” category. Tibial plateau fractures: The exponentially regressed MDBI rate has significantly changed over time from 216 800 to 38 500, but this change coincides with a very significant increase in the age of the population at risk. At the same time, the mean age for this injury has not significantly changed. Tibial plateau injured skiers have the oldest mean ages for any injury group in our study. This is a predominantly female injury. The TPF injured person is heavier than those in the all-other-injury group in spite of being predominantly female but not significantly taller. Eighty-nine percent of these injuries involve the lateral aspect of the plateau. The most common mechanism is a crushing injury to the lateral aspect of the tibial plateau via valgus bending, where the lateral femoral condyle presses against the lateral aspect of the tibial plateau.

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Evolution of ACL Ruptures in French Ski Resorts 1992–1999

Laporte¹,

Binet²,

Constans³

2000

Skiing Trauma and Safety: Thirteenth Volume

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This work done by 72 French doctors in the “Médecins de Montagne” skiing safety network studies the evolution of the rate of ACL ruptures since 1992. The study was done on 232 571 injuries including 21 303 ACL ruptures. Alpine skiing ACL ruptures, which have been increasing since 1992, represent 12.5% of accidents (3125 MDBI). A control group is analyzed each season through interviews at the bottom of the slopes in parking lots and random evaluations. We have ascertained that ACL ruptures represent 9.2% of total injuries in men, in comparison with 20% in women, over 24 years old. The case-control study, women versus men, stratified by age group, shows a remarkable ODDS ratio for adults (over 16 years old) with an extremely reduced confidence interval at 95% (3.26 < 3.41 < 3.56). The ISO adjustment charts do not currently take into account a major risk factor, the feminine sex. Among the possible preventive measures that can be taken for ACL ruptures in women is to evoke the decrease in adjustment values. There are no studies that prove the effectiveness of a decrease in adjustment values on the incidence of ACL ruptures, but there are corroborating arguments in favor of a positive action. The only risks of a decrease in the adjustment are extremely low, in particular that of inadvertent release. Different authors have demonstrated the possibility of a decrease in adjustment without inadvertent release. We suggest, beside the education of the skiers, in the prevention of the phantom foot, a 15% decrease in binding adjustment values for women over 25 years old, and 30% for beginners with less than 7 days of skiing.

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Femur Fractures in French Winter Sports Resorts

Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

Impact of ski geometry data and standing height ratio on the ACL injury risk and its use for prevention in recreational skiers

Impact of ski geometry data and standing height ratio on the ACL injury risk and its use for prevention in recreational skiers

Femur and Tibial Plateau Fractures in Alpine Skiing

Evolution of ACL Ruptures in French Ski Resorts 1992–1999

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