Femtosecond Optical Parametric Amplifier for Petawatt Nd:Glass Lasers

Zhang, Xiaomin; Qian, Liejia; Yuan, Peng; Luo, Hongyu; Zhu, Heyuan; Zhu, Qihua; Wei, Xiaofeng; Fan, Dianyuan

doi:10.1088/0256-307x/23/5/039

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The typical dynamics taking place in space plasmas is essentially controlled by the collective wave-particle interactions [3∼ 9] rather than those individual particle-particle collisions. Space plasma instability which gives rise to enhanced fluctuating fields is generally excited by the particle anisotropy [8,10] , in turn causing wave-particle scattering which reduces that anisotropy [11] . The minimum anisotropy necessary to initiate these processes is termed the instability threshold.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proton Cyclotron Instability Threshold Condition of Suprathermal Protons by Kappa Distribution

Xiao

Zhou

et al. 2007

Plasma Sci. Technol.

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Observation has clearly shown that natural space plasmas generally possess a pronounced non-Maxwellian high-energy tail distribution that can be well modeled by a kappa distribution. In this study we investigate the proton cyclotron wave instability driven by the temperature anisotropy (T⊥/T∥>1) of suprathermal protons modeled with a typical kappa distribution in the magnetosheath. It is found that as in the case for a regular bi-Maxwellian, the suprathermal proton temperature anisotropy is subject to the threshold condition of this proton cyclotron instability and the instability threshold condition satisfies a general form T⊥/T∥−1 = S/βα∥, with a very narrow range of the fitting parameters: 0.40≲α≲0.45, and a relatively sensitive variation 0.27≲ S ≲0.65, over 0.01⩽β∥⩽10. Furthermore, the difference in threshold conditions between the kappa distribution and the bi-Maxwellian distribution is found to be small for a relatively strong growth but becomes relatively obvious for a weak wave growth. The results may provide a deeper insight into the physics of this instability threshold for the proton cyclotron waves.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proton Cyclotron Instability Threshold Condition of Suprathermal Protons by Kappa Distribution

Xiao

Zhou

et al. 2007

Plasma Sci. Technol.

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“…[1] Through cyclotron wave-particle interaction, [2−8] such waves provide a viable mechanism for stochastic acceleration and pitch-angle scattering loss of energetic trapped electrons in the Earth's radiation belts. [9] Whistler-mode waves can be generated by cyclotron resonant interactions with anisotropic energetic electrons. [10] Natural Whistler-mode emissions have been found in the radiation belt environment of all magnetized planets, and analogous to other-mode waves, [11] they can easily propagated over a wide range of the magnetosphere.…”

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confidence: 99%

Whistler-Mode Waves Growth by a Generalized Relativistic Kappa-Type Distribution

Zhou

Jiang

Shi

et al. 2009

Chinese Phys. Lett.

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The instability of field-aligned Whistler-mode waves in space plasmas is studied by using a recently developed generalized relativistic kappa-type (KT) distribution. Numerical calculations are performed for a direct comparison between the new KT distribution and the current kappa distribution. We show that the wave growth for the KT distribution tends to occur in the lower wave frequency (e.g., 𝜔 0.1Ω𝑒) due to a larger fractional number of the resonant electrons 𝜂 rel (which controls the wave growth), while primarily locating in the higher wave frequency for the kappa distribution. Moreover, the relativistic anisotropy 𝐴 rel by the KT distribution is found to be smaller than that by the kappa distribution, leading to a smaller peak of wave growth. The results present a further understanding of plasma wave instability particularly in those plasmas where relativistic electrons are present.

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“…Refs. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]). There has been increasing concern over the past decade or so with the terrestrial ring current locating at geocentric distances between ∼ 2 − 9R E since it is strongly associated with the geomagnetic storms.…”

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confidence: 99%

Second-Order Resonant Interaction of Ring Current Protons with Whistler-Mode Waves

Xiao

Chen

et al. 2008

Chinese Phys. Lett.

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We present a study on the second-order resonant interaction between the ring current protons with Whistler-mode waves propagating near the quasi electrostatic limit following the previous second-order resonant theory. The diffusion coefficients are proportional to the electric field amplitude E, much greater than those for the regular first-order resonance, which are proportional to the electric field amplitudes square E2. Numerical calculations for the pitch angle scattering are performed for typical energies of protons Ek = 50keV and 100 keV at locations L = 2 and L = 3.5. The timescale for the loss process of protons by the Whistler waves is found to approach one hour, comparable to that by the EMIC waves, suggesting that Whistler waves may also contribute significantly to the ring current decay under appropriate conditions.

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Femtosecond Optical Parametric Amplifier for Petawatt Nd:Glass Lasers

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

Proton Cyclotron Instability Threshold Condition of Suprathermal Protons by Kappa Distribution

Proton Cyclotron Instability Threshold Condition of Suprathermal Protons by Kappa Distribution

Whistler-Mode Waves Growth by a Generalized Relativistic Kappa-Type Distribution

Second-Order Resonant Interaction of Ring Current Protons with Whistler-Mode Waves

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