Femtosecond laser written continuous-wave Nd3+:BaY2F8 waveguide laser at 1.3 μm

High‐Gain of NdIII Complex Doped Optical Waveguide Amplifiers at 1.06 and 1.31 µm Wavelengths Based on Intramolecular Energy Transfer Mechanism

“…DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209239 optical communication amplification for planar photonic integration and has recently become a popular research topic. [1][2][3][4][5] Conventionally, Nd 3+ ions can be doped in different hosts as gain media to fabricate waveguide amplifiers and integrated with other active and passive optical waveguide devices to compensate for optical losses, such as inorganic materials like Al 2 O 3 , [6] yttrium aluminum garnet, [7,8] lithium niobate on insulator, [9] TeO 2 -ZnO, [10] and GeO 2 -PbO Glass. [11][12][13] Pertinent fabrication technologies have been well developed and the net optical gain values of inorganic neodymiumdoped waveguide amplifiers (NDWAs) can achieve 24 and 6 dB cm −1 at 1.06 and 1.31 µm, respectively.…”